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Fig. 4 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 4

From: Circulating exosomes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus induce a proinflammatory immune response

Fig. 4

Exosomes from SLE induce secretion of inflammatory cytokines via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). a Human PBMCs were incubated with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl diacetate ester (CFSE)-labeled SLE exosomes. Confocal images showed that exosomes (green) co-localized with endosomes (yellow in the merged images). Nucleus (Hoechst blue), endosome (red). b PBMCs (n = 3) were treated with CFSE-labeled SLE exosomes. The percentage of exosome (+) PBMCs increased with time. c PBMCs were stained with Hoechst for nucleus (blue) and anti-TLR antibodies (red). The exosomes (green) co-localized with TLRs (yellow in the merged images). Scale bars = 10 μm

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