Profibrotic mediators in tendon disease: a systematic review

Table 1 Main characteristics of studies and patients of the papers included for expression in the diseased human tendon tissues search

Author	Year	Journal	Tendon	Healthy control?	Quantitative/semiquantitative analysis and statistical tests	Investigated genes and proteins
TGF-β
Goodier et al. [22]	2016	Arthritis Res Ther	Rotator cuff	Yes	Yes	TGFβ1, TGFβR1, TGFβR2
Pingel et al. [25]	2013	Eur J Appl Physiol	Achilles	Yes^a	Yes	TGFβ1
Pingel et al. [27]	2012	BMC Musculoskeletal Disord	Achilles	Yes^a	Yes	TGFβ1
de Mos et al. [28]	2009	Am J Sports Med	Achilles	Yes	Yes	TGFβ
Fu et al. [24]	2002	Clin Orthop Relat Res	Patella	Yes	Yes	TGFβ1
Fenwick et al. [23]	2001	J Anat	Achilles	Yes^b	Yes	TGFβ1, TGFβ2, TGFβ3, TGβR1, TGβR2
BMPs
Goodier et al. [22]	2016	Arthritis Res Ther	Rotator cuff	Yes	Yes	BMP2, BMP7
Rui et al. [26]	2012	Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc	Patella	Yes	No	BMP2, BMP4, BMP7
Oliva et al. [29]	2011	Eur Cell Mater	Rotator cuff	Yes^a	Yes	BMP2, BMP4, BMP6
CTGF
Goodier et al. [22]	2016	Arthritis Res Ther	Rotator cuff	Yes	Yes	CTGF
Pingel et al. [27]	2012	BMC Musculoskeletal Disord	Achilles	Yes^a	Yes	CTGF

^aStudies that sampled control tissues from the macroscopically healthy region of the same tendon
^bStudies that sampled control tissues from cadavers
BMP bone morphogenic protein, CTGF connective tissue growth factor, TGF-β transforming growth factor beta

ISSN: 1478-6362