Altered lipoproteins in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are associated with augmented oxidative stress: a potential role in atherosclerosis

Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants

	SLE patients (n = 35)	Healthy controls (n = 15)	p value
Age, years, mean ± SD	40.6 ± 11.7	37.7 ± 6.1	0.244
Female, n (%)	34 (97.1)	13 (86.6)	0.211
Height, cm	160. ± 7.1^*	161.8 ± 6.3	0.415
Weight, kg	54.7 ± 9.5^*	53.3 ± 6.5	0.620
Body mass index, kg/m²	21.3 ± 3.1^*	20.4 ± 2.0	0.277
Smoking, n (%)	3 (9.4)	0 (0)	0.306
Alcohol, n (%)	1 (3.1)	0 (0)	0.681
Diabetes, n (%)	2 (5.7)	0 (0)	0.486
Hypertension, n (%)	11 (31.4)	0 (0)	0.011
Dyslipidemia, n (%)	4 (11.4)	0 (0)	0.227
SLE duration, years	12.1 ± 7.6
ESR, mm/hour	25.4 ± 22.5
SLEDAI-2 K	4.26 ± 4.24
C3 (mg/dL)	75.4 ± 23.6
C4 (mg/dL)	12.6 ± 7.2
Treatment, n (%)
Corticosteroids	35 (100)	0 (0)
Corticosteroid dose (prednisolone equivalent), mg/day	7.8 (8.4)	0 (0)
Hydroxychloroquine	31 (88.6)	0 (0)
Azathioprine	2 (5.7)	0 (0)
Methotrexate	1 (2.9)	0 (0)
Statins	2 (5.7)	0 (0)
ACE inhibitors	2 (5.7)	0 (0)
ARB	2 (5.7)	0 (0)
Aspirin	1 (2.9)	0 (0)

^*Available for 32 patients
ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, SLEDAI-2 K, SLE disease activity index 2000

ISSN: 1478-6362