| |
Baseline
|
5-Year follow-up
|
p Value
|
|---|
|
Sex, female/male
|
74 (45)/90 (55)
| | |
|
Age, years
|
49.5 (41–62)
|
54.5 (46–67)
|
<0.001
|
|
Years since onset of AS symptoms
|
22 (13–34)
|
27 (18–39)
|
<0.001
|
|
Years since AS diagnosis
|
12 (5–23)
|
17 (10–28)
|
<0.001
|
|
HLA-B27-positive
|
141 (86)
| | |
|
Fecal calprotectin, mg/kg
|
86 (45–222)
|
82 (35–190)
|
0.660
|
|
Fecal calprotectin level
|
|
≤ 50 mg/kg
|
48 (29.3)
|
60 (36.6)
|
0.660
|
|
51–199 mg/kg
|
69 (42.1)
|
64 (39.0)
|
|
200–499 mg/kg
|
32 (19.5)
|
29 (17.7)
|
|
500–999 mg/kg
|
13 (7.9)
|
8 (4.9)
|
|
>1000 mg/kg
|
2 (1.2)
|
3 (1.8)
|
|
Serum calprotectin, ng/ml
|
645 (282–705)
|
No data
|
N/A
|
|
CRP, mg/L
|
2 (1–6)
|
3 (1–6)
|
0.434
|
|
ESR, mm/h
|
11 (7–18)
|
8 (4–14)
|
<0.001
|
|
ASDASCRP score
|
2.2 (1.6–3.0)
|
2.1 (1.3–2.7)
|
<0.001
|
|
BASDAI score
|
3.1 (1.6–5.2)
|
3.2 (1.8–5.2)
|
0.713
|
|
BAS-G score
|
2.7 (1.2–5.7)
|
2.8 (1.4–5.9)
|
0.187
|
|
BASFI score
|
2.3 (1.0–3.8)
|
2.3 (1.0-4.1)
|
0.443
|
|
BASMI score
|
2.8 (2.0–4.0)
|
3.4 (2.4–4.6)
|
<0.001
|
|
Current smoker
|
15 (9.1)
|
11(6.7)
|
0.388
|
|
NSAIDs
|
128 (78)
|
125 (76)
|
0.868
|
|
Daily use
|
73 (45)
|
66 (40)
|
|
As needed
|
55 (34)
|
59 (36)
|
|
TNF blockers
|
33 (20)
|
39 (24)
|
0.238
|
|
Infliximab
|
24 (15)
|
21 (13)
|
0.664
|
|
Adalimumab
|
4 (2)
|
8 (5)
|
0.289
|
|
Golimumab
|
0 (0)
|
4 (2)
|
N/A
|
|
Etanercept
|
5 (3)
|
6 (4)
|
1.000
|
|
DMARDs
| | | |
|
Methotrexate
|
35 (21)
|
29 (18)
|
0.189
|
|
Sulfasalazine
|
16 (10)
|
8 (5)
|
0.004
|
|
Regular occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms
|
|
Loose stools
|
70 (43)
|
66 (40)
|
0.401
|
|
Mucus in diarrhea
|
25 (15)
|
34 (21)
|
0.405
|
|
Blood in stools
|
22 (13)
|
21 (13)
|
1.000
|
|
Blood in diarrhea
|
8 (5)
|
9 (5)
|
1.000
|
|
Abdominal pain
|
24 (15)
|
33 (20)
|
0.210
|
|
Obstipation
|
54 (33)
|
41 (25)
|
0.008
|
|
Reflux symptoms
|
65 (40)
|
62 (38)
|
0.391
|
|
Epigastric pain
|
47 (29)
|
46 (28)
|
1.000
|
-
Abbreviations: AS Ankylosing spondylitis, CRP C-reactive protein, DMARD Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ASDAS
CRP
Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score based on C-reactive protein, BASDAI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, BAS-G Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Global Score, BASFI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, BASMI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, TNF tumor necrosis factor
- Data are presented as median and [interquartile range] or number (%)
