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Table 1 Demographics and RA disease characteristics and surrogate markers of atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in RA patients

From: Endothelial injury in rheumatoid arthritis: a crosstalk between dimethylarginines and systemic inflammation

Factor

 

All patients

Inflammation

 

N

(N = 186)

Normal (N = 160)

High (N = 26)

p value

Age (years)b

186

66 (59, 73)b

66 (58, 72)

70 (60, 73)

0.225

Female gender (%)a

186

144 (77.4%)

121 (75.6%)

23 (88.5%)

0.206

Disease duration (years)b

154

16 (11, 25)b

16 (11,25)

16 (12. 21)

0.692

RF (%)a

183

136 (74.3%)

114 (72.2%)

22 (88.0%)

0.137

Anti-CCP antibodies (%)a

181

115 (63.5%)

96 (61.5%)

19 (76.0%)

0.186

ESR (mm/h)b

181

11 (5, 22)b

9 (5, 16)

40 (30, 56)

-

CRP (mg/L)b

186

3.0 (2.9, 8.0)b

2.9 (2.9, 4.5)

21.0 (13.0, 31.0)

-

DAS 28c

181

3.14 (1.18)c

2.97 (1.10)

4.19 (1.12)

<0.001

ADMA (μmol/L)d

181

0.56 (0.54–0.58)d

0.55 (0.53–0.57)

0.59 (0.56–0.63)

0.136

SDMA (μmol/L)d

186

0.46 (0.44–0.47)d

0.46 (0.45–0.47)

0.45 (0.41–0.50)

0.812

ADMA:SDMAd

181

1.22 (1.17–1.27)d

1.20 (1.15–1.25)

1.30 (1.17–1.46)

0.167

Arterial stiffnessc

165

33 (9)c

33 (9)

33 (8)

0.791

Microvascular endothelial dependent (ACh %)d

179

235 (207–265)d

244 (213–276)

184 (119–262)

0.145

Microvascular endothelial- independent (SNP %)d

179

116 (100–134)d

119 (102–138)

100 (60–159)

0.421

Macrovascular endothelial- dependent (FMD %)d

173

9.8 (8.8–10.8)d

9.9 (8.8–11.0)

9.0 (6.4–11.9)

0.554

Macrovascular endothelial- independent (GTN %)d

155

19.6 (18.2–21.1)d

19.7 (18.2–21.4)

18.9 (16.0–22.4)

0.715

cIMT (mm)d

157

0.68 (0.66–0.70)d

0.67 (0.65–0.70)

0.72 (0.67–0.79)

0.116

  1. Bold p values are significant at p < 0.05
  2. RA rheumatoid arthritis, RF rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP anti–citrullinated protein antibody, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, DAS 28 disease activity score 28, ADMA asymmetric dimethylarginine, SDMA symmetric dimethylarginine, ACh acetylcholine, SNP sodium nitroprusside, FMD flow-mediated dilatation, GTN glyceryl-trinitrate mediated dilatation, cIMT intima media thickness
  3. a N (%), with p values from Fisher’s exact tests
  4. bMedian (quartiles), with p values from Mann–Whitney tests
  5. cMean (SD), with p values from t tests
  6. dGeometric mean (95% CI), with p values from t tests on log-transformed data