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Table 4 All-cause healthcare resource utilization during 1-year follow-up

From: Costs associated with failure to respond to treatment among patients with rheumatoid arthritis initiating TNFi therapy: a retrospective claims analysis

 

Responders (n = 2337), n (%)/mean (SD)

Nonresponders (n = 2337), n (%)/Mean (SD)

p Valuea

Inpatient hospitalization, n (%) with at least one visit

149 (6.4%)

297 (12.7%)

<0.001

 Joint replacement surgeries, n (%)

29 (1.2%)

51 (2.2%)

0.013

 Infections, n (%)

27 (1.2%)

83 (3.6%)

<0.001

 CV events, n (%)

24 (1.0%)

25 (1.1%)

0.886

ED encounters, n (%) with at least one visit

278 (11.9%)

461 (19.7%)

<0.001

Outpatient visits, n (%) with at least one visit

2334 (99.9%)

2326 (99.5%)

0.032

Physician office visit, n (%)

2329 (99.7%)

2324 (99.4%)

0.274

Rheumatologist office visit, n (%)

1706 (73.0%)

1638 (70.1%)

0.027

Physical/occupational therapy visits, n (%)

390 (16.7%)

512 (21.9%)

<0.001

DME claims, n (%)

400 (17.1%)

578 (24.7%)

<0.001

Imagingb claims, n (%)

1676 (71.7%)

1803 (77.2%)

<0.001

Pharmacy fills, n (%) with at least one fill

2330 (99.7%)

2331 (99.7%)

0.781

 Oral glucocorticoids

1040 (44.5%)

1463 (62.6%)

<0.001

 Antihypertensives

919 (39.3%)

1017 (43.5%)

0.004

 Antidiabetics

208 (8.9%)

201 (8.6%)

0.717

 Antihyperlipidemics

525 (22.5%)

524 (22.4%)

0.972

 Antidepressives

541 (23.1%)

700 (30.0%)

<0.001

 Pain medicationsc

1542 (66.0%)

1739 (74.4%)

<0.001

Number of pharmacy fills per patient, mean (SD)

49.4 (29.44)

50.9 (33.12)

0.109

csDMARDs, n (%) with at least one fill

1945 (83.2%)

1937 (82.9%)

0.755

 Hydroxychloroquine

504 (21.6%)

538 (23.0%)

0.232

 Leflunomide

219 (9.4%)

277 (11.9%)

0.006

 Methotrexate

1607 (68.8%)

1596 (68.3%)

0.729

 Minocycline

18 (0.8%)

20 (0.9%)

0.745

 Sulfasalazine

152 (6.5%)

173 (7.4%)

0.227

Biologics, n (%) with at least one fill

2080 (89.0%)

2088 (89.3%)

0.706

 Adalimumab

586 (25.1%)

840 (35.9%)

<0.001

 Certolizumab pegol

20 (0.9%)

65 (2.8%)

<0.001

 Etanercept

1418 (60.7%)

1512 (64.7%)

0.004

 Golimumab

48 (2.1%)

98 (4.2%)

<0.001

 Infliximab

8 (0.3%)

14 (0.6%)

0.200

 Abatacept

0 (0%)

42 (1.8%)

<0.001

 Anakinra

0 (0%)

3 (0.1%)

0.083

 Rituximab

0 (0%)

2 (0.1%)

0.157

 Tocilizumab

0 (0%)

7 (0.3%)

0.008

 Tofacitinib citrate

0 (0%)

13 (0.6%)

<0.001

Number of csDMARD pharmacy fills per patient, mean (SD)

7.8 (6.14)

7.1 (5.96)

<0.001

Number of biologic pharmacy fills per patient, mean (SD)

9.5 (4.62)

6.1 (4.25)

<0.001

  1. Abbreviations: ACS Acute coronary syndrome, csDMARD Conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, CV Cardiovascular, DME Durable medical equipment, ED Emergency department, RA Rheumatoid arthritis, TIA Transient ischemic attack
  2. Joint replacement surgeries include knee, hip, shoulder, and other surgeries. CV events include ACS, coronary revascularization, ischemic stroke, and TIA
  3. a χ2 tests were used to determine statistical differences across categorical variables; t tests were used for continuous variables
  4. b Imaging included radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, and other types of imaging
  5. c Pain medications include opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and others, and exclude disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs