Table 5 The surgical and interventional operations taken in 411 Chinese Takayasu’s patients

Operations on cervical vessels

53

12.9

 Bypass between aorta and carotid artery

21

5.1

 Bypass between carotid and subclavian arteries

11

2.7

 Bypass between aorta and subclavian arteries

6

1.5

 Angioplasty and/or stenting in carotid arteries

6

1.5

 Angioplasty and/or stenting in subclavian arteries

4

1.0

 Angioplasty and/or stenting in innominate arteries

3

0.7

 Bypass between innominate and carotid arteries

1

0.2

 Bypass between innominate and subclavian arteries

1

0.2

Operations to reduce renal hypertension

33

8.0

 Angioplasty and/or stenting in renal arteries

25

6.1

 Bypass between aorta and renal arteries

4

1.0

 Nephrectomy

4

1.0

Operations on aortic and iliacofemoral stenosis or occlusion

20

4.9

 Angioplasty and/or stenting in aorta

12

2.9

 Aorta bypass grafting

5

1.2

 Bypass between aorta and bilateral iliac arteries

1

0.2

 Bypass between aorta and bilateral femoral arteries

1

0.2

 Angioplasty and/or stenting in common iliac arteries

1

0.2

Operations on valvar lesions and coronary artery

9

2.2

 Cardiac valve replacement

5

1.2

 Angioplasty and/or stenting in coronary arteries

3

0.7

 Coronary artery bypass grafting

1

0.2

Repair on aortic aneurysm

2

0.5

 Ascending aorta and aortic arch

1

0.2

 Thoracic and abdominal aorta

1

0.2

Rebuilding circulation in upper limbs

1

0.2

 Bypass between axillary arteries

1

0.2

Rebuilding circulation in mesenteric arteries

1

0.2

 Mesenteric artery bypass

1

0.2

 Bypass operations

54

13.1

 Percutaneous transluminal angiography (PTA)

47

11.4

  PTA in renal arteries

25

6.1

 Stenting

35

8.5

 Other operations

11

2.7