Skip to main content

Table 2 Univariate relationship of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and rheumatoid arthritis-related data with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity in control subjects and patients with rheumatoid arthritis

From: HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: contributing factors and relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis

 

Control subjects

Patients with RA

Percent efflux β coefficient (95% CI)

p Value

Percent efflux β coefficient (95% CI)

p Value

Age, years

−0.9 (−0.4 to 0.2)

0.50

−0.2 (−0.2 to 0.1)

0.78

Male sex

−0.9 (−4.6 to 2.8)

0.62

−6.1 (−9.4 to 2.8)

0.000

Body mass index

−0.2 (−0.6 to 0.1)

0.20

0.2 (−0.1 to 0.5)

0.21

Abdominal circumference

−0.1 (−0.2 to 0.0)

0.058

0.0 (−0.1 to 0.2)

0.42

Systolic blood pressure

−0.1 (−0.2 to 0.0)

0.025

0.1 (−0.0 to 0.2)

0.11

Diastolic blood pressure

−0.0 (-0.1 to 0.0)

0.29

0.01 (−0.0 to 0.2)

0.15

Cardiovascular comorbidities

 Smoking

1.8 (−2.4 to 6.0)

0.40

−0.3 (−4.5 to 3.9)

0.89

 Diabetes

1.2 (−5.9 to 8.3)

0.74

2.9 (−1.3 to 7.2)

0.17

 Hypertension

−2.4 (−6.0 to 1.1)

0.17

0.1 (−3.0 to 3.2)

0.95

 Dyslipidemia

−1.1 (−5.2 to 3.1)

0.61

−0.3 (−3.4 to 2.8)

0.85

 Antihypertensive treatment

0.7 (−3.6 to 5.0)

0.75

0.4 (−2.7 to 3.5)

0.80

 Statins

−2.1 (−7.4 to 3.2)

0.44

0.6 (−2.6 to 3.8)

0.70

Laboratory examinations, including lipid profile

 ESR

−0.2 (−0.1 to 0.1)

0.23

−0.1 (−0.1 to 0.0)

0.12

 CRP

−0.3 (−0.6 to 0.0)

0.092

−0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1)

0.83

 Cholesterol

0.0 (−0.0 to 0.1)

0.11

0.00 (−0.0 to 0.00)

0.69

 Triglycerides

−0.0 (−0.1 to 0.0)

0.19

0.0 (−0.0 to 0.0)

0.30

 HDL cholesterol

0.1 (−0.0 to 0.2)

0.092

0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1)

0.48

 LDL cholesterol

0.0 (−0.0 to 0.1)

0.32

−0.0 (−0.1 to 0.0)

0.62

 Lipoprotein A

0.1 (−0.0 to 0.1)

0.059

−0.0 (−0.0 to 0.0)

0.35

 Apolipoprotein A

0.0 (−0.0 to 0.1)

0.089

−0.0 (−0.1 to 0.0)

0.84

 Apolipoprotein B

0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1)

0.77

0.00 (−0.0 to 0.0)

0.99

 ApoB/ApoA ratio

−5.8 (−16.8 to 5.4)

0.31

0.8 (−4.1 to 5.7)

0.76

 Atherogenic index

0.7 (−2.4 to 1.0)

0.41

0.0 (−1 to 1)

0.99

Rheumatoid arthritis-related data

 Disease duration

  

0.1 (−0.0 to 0.3)

0.12

 DAS28

  

−1.1 (−2.3 to 0.2)

0.086

  Remission

  

 

  Low disease activity

  

−5.2 (−10.0 to 0.3)

0.039

  Moderate disease activity

  

−4.6 (−8.5 to 0.7)

0.020

  High disease activity

  

−3.2 (−8.1 to 1.7)

0.19

  Moderate and high disease activity

  

4.2 (−7.9 to 0.6)

0.024

 DAS28-CRP

  

−1.1 (−2.7 to 0.4)

0.14

 SDAI

  

−0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1)

0.54

 CDAI

  

−0.0 (−0.0 to 0.0)

0.31

 Rheumatoid factor

  

−0.4 (−3.8 to 2.9)

0.81

 ACPA

  

0.4 (−2.7 to 3.6)

0.78

 Prednisone intake

  

−0.3 (−3.4 to 2.9)

0.88

 Prednisone dose

  

−0.3 (−3.4 to 2.9)

0.88

 NSAIDs

  

4.6 (1.5 to 7.6)

0.004

 DMARDs

  

−0.2 (−4.6 to 4.2)

0.93

 Methotrexate

  

0.5 (−2.9 to 4.0)

0.77

 Leflunomide

  

−1.3 (−5.9 to 3.3)

0.58

 Biologic therapy

  

3.57 (−0.0 to 7.2)

0.052

 Anti-TNF-α therapy

  

0.7 (−4.0 to 5.5)

0.76

 Tocilizumab

  

8.0 (2.3 to 13.7)

0.007

 Rituximab

  

1.3 (−9.1 to 11.7)

0.81

 Abatacept

  

−1.4 (−14.1 to 11.4)

0.83

  1. DAS28 relation with cholesterol efflux capability was studied using remission category as the reference category
  2. Abbreviations: CRP C-reactive protein, LDL Low-density lipoprotein, NSAID Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; DMARD Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, DAS28 Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, HDL High-density lipoprotein, SDAI Simplified Disease Activity Index, CDAI Clinical Disease Activity Index, TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α, ACPA Anticitrullinated protein antibody, CIMT Carotid intima-media thickness, ApoA Apolipoprotein A, ApoB Apolipoprotein B. Significant 'p' values are higlighted in italics