Table 4 Baseline serum leptin and HMW-APN in relation to radiographic spinal progression after 2 years

Progressors (n = 29)

Non-progressors (n = 91)

p ^a

Progressors (n = 22)

Non-progressors (n = 60)

p ^a

Progressors (n = 7)

Non-progressors (n = 31)

p ^a

Leptin, ng/mL

10.5 ± 9.0

16.4 ± 13.7

0.003

7.0 ± 4.7

11.9 ± 7.1

0.001

21.7 ± 10.5

25.0 ± 18.6

0.96

Leptin/BMI

0.38 ± 0.31

0.57 ± 0.38

0.001

0.25 ± 0.14

0.42 ± 0.19

<0.001

0.78 ± 0.35

0.86 ± 0.49

0.84

HMW-APN, μg/mL

4.95 ± 3.52

6.35 ± 4.15

0.045

3.93 ± 2.56

5.49 ± 3.15

0.018

8.16 ± 4.37

8.02 ± 5.27

0.75

HMW-APN/BMI

0.19 ± 0.14

0.25 ± 0.19

0.089

0.15 ± 0.11

0.21 ± 0.13

0.052

0.32 ± 0.18

0.33 ± 0.24

0.84

HMW-APN/APN

0.47 ± 0.19

0.57 ± 0.23

0.024

0.42 ± 0.14

0.56 ± 0.24

0.033

0.62 ± 0.25

0.60 ± 0.22

0.82

Progressors (n = 25)

Non-progressors (n = 95)

p ^a

Progressors (n = 21)

Non-progressors (n = 61)

p ^a

Progressors (n = 4)

Non-progressors (n = 34)

p ^a

Leptin, ng/mL

10.2 ± 9.6

16.2 ± 13.4

0.003

9.0 ± 9.1

11.1 ± 5.9

0.018

16.4 ± 10.9

25.3 ± 17.8

0.27

Leptin/BMI

0.33 ± 0.22

0.57 ± 0.39

0.001

0.29 ± 0.19

0.40 ± 0.18

0.006

0.56 ± 0.23

0.88 ± 0.48

0.13

HMW-APN, μg/mL

4.53 ± 2.86

6.4 ± 4.22

0.026

4.1 ± 2.58

5.4 ± 3.17

0.075

6.8 ± 3.6

8.2 ± 5.23

0.85

HMW-APN/BMI

0.18 ± 0.13

0.25 ± 0.19

0.035

0.16 ± 0.11

0.21 ± 0.13

0.081

0.28 ± 0.18

0.33 ± 0.24

0.81

HMW-APN/APN

0.46 ± 0.2

0.57 ± 0.23

0.033

0.42 ± 0.15

0.55 ± 0.24

0.057

0.68 ± 0.32

0.60 ± 0.21

0.81