Table 1 Baseline characteristics of case and control subjects
Cases (n = 30) | Controls (n = 338) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
HBV infection status | <0.001 | ||
HBsAg+ | 8 (22.7%) | 21 (6.2%) | |
HBsAg–/HBcAb+ | 14 (46.7%) | 210 (62.1%) | |
Uninfected | 8 (26.7%) | 107 (31.7%) | |
Sex | 0.617 | ||
Female | 20 (66.7%) | 240 (71.0%) | |
Male | 10 (33.3%) | 98 (29.0%) | |
Age (years), mean ± SD | 46.6 ± 15.9 | 52.2 ± 15.2 | 0.001 |
Immune-mediated disease | 0.011 | ||
Rheumatoid arthritis | 19 (63.3%) | 268 (79.3%) | |
Ankylosing spondylitis | 7 (23.3%) | 42 (12.4%) | |
Psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis | 4 (13.3%) | 28 (8.3%) | |
Year anti-TNF therapy began | 0.038 | ||
2004–2006 | 6 (20.0%) | 31 (9.2%) | |
2007–2009 | 10 (33.3%) | 135 (39.9%) | |
2010–2012 | 14 (46.7%) | 172 (50.9%) | |
Medical history of elevated ALT | 8 (26.7%) | 18 (5.3%) | <0.001 |
Immunosuppressant drug use | |||
Prednisolone | 21 (70.0%) | 246 (72.8%) | 0.744 |
Methotrexate | 21 (70.0%) | 243 (71.9%) | 0.825 |
Methotrexate alone, without folic acid | 9 (30.0%) | 28 (8.3%) | <0.001 |
Methotrexate + folic acid | 12 (40.0%) | 215 (63.6%) | |
Hydroxychloroquine | 13 (43.3%) | 209 (61.8%) | 0.047 |
Sulfasalazine | 18 (60.0%) | 222 (65.7%) | 0.531 |
Cyclosporine | 4 (13.3%) | 55 (16.3%) | 0.674 |
Leflunomide | 2 (6.7%) | 30 (8.9%) | 0.681 |
Azathioprine | 1 (3.3%) | 1 (0.3%) | 0.030 |
Immunosuppressant drug dose received (mg), mean ± SD | |||
Methotrexate dose | |||
6-month accumulated | 197.7 ± 148.8 | 210.0 ± 149.2 | 0.665 |
Total accumulated | 1160.7 ± 1263.3 | 1445.5 ± 1390.7 | 0.280 |
Prednisolone dose | |||
6-month accumulated | 837.8 ± 551.1 | 830.9 ± 679.5 | 0.957 |
Total accumulated | 6679.5 ± 6510.5 | 7482.9 ± 7879.2 | 0.588 |