Table 1 Descriptive statistics for background characteristics of study participants

Age (mean ± SD)

64.1 ± 10.2

Sex (male:female)

17:24

BMI (mean ± SD)

28.6 ± 3.7

Side (left:right)

17:24

OA severity (KL) (0/1/2/3/4)

0/0/2/21/18

WOMAC score

9.7 ± 2.8

Medial joint space narrowing (0/1/2/3)

0/6/9/24^a

Lateral joint space narrowing (0/1/2/3)

30/5/0/4^a

Non-weight-bearing alignment

27 varus, 6 neutral, 8 valgus

Total epiphyseal BMD, mg/cm³ K₂HPO₄ (mean ± SD)

106 ± 37

Lateral epiphyseal BMD, mg/cm³ K₂HPO₄ (mean ± SD)

106 ± 34

Medial epiphyseal BMD, mg/cm³ K₂HPO₄ (mean ± SD)

141 ± 68

Total metaphyseal BMD, mg/cm³ K₂HPO₄ (mean ± SD)

90 ± 36