Serum bone-turnover biomarkers are associated with the occurrence of peripheral and axial arthritis in psoriatic disease: a prospective cross-sectional comparative study

Table 3 Serum bone biomarker concentrations compared between disease groups

	Unadjusted			Adjusted
	Odds ratio per ng/mL increase in concentration	95% CI	p value	odds ratio per ng/mL increase in concentration	95% CI	p value
	PsA vs. PsC cases
Dkk-1	1.16	1.03, 1.32	0.02	1.14*	0.99, 1.31	0.07
M-CSF	0.23	0.13, 0.39	<1 × 10⁻⁷	0.44*	0.24, 0.82	0.01
MMP-3	1.01	1.00, 1.03	0.03	1.02*	1.01, 1.03	4 × 10⁻⁴
OPG	2.36	0.80, 6.92	0.12	2.51*	0.68, 9.28	0.17
	RAD vs. non-RAD cases
Dkk-1	1.23	1.06, 1.44	0.01	1.22**	1.05, 1.42	0.01
M-CSF	0.60	0.31, 1.17	0.13	0.64**	0.32, 1.26	0.19
MMP-3	1.01	1.00, 1.02	0.20	1.00**	1.00, 1.01	0.30
OPG	0.17	0.05, 0.62	0.01	0.20**	0.05, 0.80	0.02
	AS vs. PsSpA cases
Dkk-1	1.15	1.01, 1.30	0.04	1.18****	1.02, 1.35	0.02
M-CSF	1.16	0.50, 2.78	0.72	1.28****	0.52, 3.22	0.59
MMP-3	1.00	1.00, 1.01	0.24	1.00****	1.00, 1.01	0.17
OPG	0.22	0.03, 1.54	0.13	0.31****	0.04, 2.27	0.25
	PsSpA vs. pPsA cases
Dkk-1	1.08	0.95, 1.23	0.26	1.06***	0.95, 1.19	0.28
M-CSF	0.55	0.25, 1.21	0.14	0.50***	0.22, 1.11	0.09
MMP-3	1.01	0.99, 1.02	0.31	1.00***	0.99, 1.02	0.73
OPG	0.30	0.08, 1.15	0.08	0.28***	0.06, 1.18	0.08

All models were adjusted potentially for sex, age, disease duration, anti-TNF use, and where appropriate psoriasis, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Severity Score (ASDAS), body mass index and RAD)
PsSpA psoriatic spondyloarthritis (n = 118), PsA psoriatic arthritis (n = 201), pPsA peripheral-only PsA (n = 127), AS ankylosing spondylitis (n = 157), RAD radiographic axial disease (n = 274), Dkk-1 Dickkopf 1, OPG osteoprotegerin, MMP-3 matrix metalloproteinase 3, M-CSF macrophage colony stimulating factor, 95% CI 95% confidence interval
*Multivariable logistic regression (reduced model adjusted for age, disease duration, and the Psoriatic Arthritis Spondylitis Radiology Index
**Multivariable logistic regression (reduced model adjusted for sex, age, and disease duration)
***Multivariable logistic regression (reduced model adjusted for the ASDAS)
****Multivariable logistic regression (reduced model adjusted for sex, age, and disease duration)

ISSN: 1478-6362