Fig. 2

Flow cytometry analysis of Th1, Th2 and Th17 lymphocyte subpopulations in OA and RA BM. a Representative gating strategy for FACS of RA BMMC, showing CD3⁺CD4⁺ lymphocytes with intracellular staining for IL-17 and IFN-γ after PMA/ionomycin stimulation. b Percentage of CD3⁺CD4⁺IL-17A⁺ cells (OA n = 22; RA n = 22) c Percentage of CD3⁺CD4⁺IL-17A⁺IFN-γ⁺ cells (OA n = 12; RA n = 11). d Percentage of CD3⁺CD4⁺IL-4⁺ cells (OA n = 12; RA n = 11). e Percentage of CD3⁺CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ cells (OA n = 12; RA n = 11). Differences between groups were calculated using Mann-Whitney U test. BM bone marrow, BMMC bone marrow mononuclear cells, FSC forward scatter, IFN interferon, IL interleukin, OA osteoarthritis, RA rheumatoid arthritis, SSC side scatter