Fig. 5

TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)/inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon (IKKε) inhibits interferon (IFN) type I activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with childhood-onset lupus erythematosus (cSLE). Relative MxA gene expression after 5-h culture of PBMCs from healthy controls (HCs), IFN-negative (IFNneg) or IFN-positive (IFNpos) patients with cSLE stimulated with imiquimod (IQ) (1 μg/ml) or incubated with TBK1/IKKε inhibitor (BX795)(1 μM), toll-like receptor (TLR)7 and TLR9 inhibitor (ALX-746-255) (2 μM) or TLR7 inhibitor (IRS661) (5 μM). Unstimulated cells and cells without inhibitors added were cultured in starvation medium and used as control for baseline IFN activation. Gene expression data are presented as means ± SEM of four independent experiments (n = 5 per group). Means were compared to starvation medium using the paired t test: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001