Autoimmune reactivity to malondialdehyde adducts in systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with disease activity and nephritis

Table 2 IgG anti-MDA levels are elevated in patients with nephritis

	No nephritis^a(N = 241)	Nephritis (N = 148)	OR (95% CI)	p value ^b	Adjusted p value ^c
Female, % (n/N)	92% (221/241)	83% (123/148)	0.45 (0.23–0.83)	0.01	N/A
Age (years)	47.8 ± 15.4	45.5 ± 14.4	N/A	NS (0.12)	N/A
Disease duration (years)	12.8 ± 12.2	13.9 ± 11.6	N/A	NS (0.18)	N/A
ESR (mm/h)	25.4 ± 19.7	27.8 ± 22.8	N/A	NS (0.50)	NS (0.34)
hsCRP (μg/ml)	5.0 ± 10.2	4.3 ± 6.4	N/A	NS (0.85)	NS (0.74)
Total IgG (mg/ml)	14.9 ± 6.0	12.9 ± 4.5	N/A	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
IgG anti-dsDNA/total IgG (RU/mg)	1.5 ± 3.5	3.4 ± 6.6	N/A	< 0.0001	N/A
IgG anti-PC/total IgG (KI-RU/mg)	4.7 ± 4.1	5.2 ± 4.4	N/A	NS (0.16)	NS (0.25)
IgG anti-MDA/total IgG (KI-RU/mg)	3.4 ± 3.3	4.5 ± 4.0	N/A	< 0.0001	0.04
Positive dsDNA IgG (> 10 RU/ml)	31% (74/240)	49% (72/148)	2.1 (1.4–3.2)	0.0005	N/A
High IgG anti-MDA/total IgG (> 3.8 KI-RU/mg)	26% (62/241)	42% (62/148)	2.1 (1.3–3.2)	0.001	0.02

Values are shown as mean ± SD or % (n/N)
CI confidence interval, dsDNA double-stranded DNA, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hsCRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, Ig immunoglobulin, MDA malondialdehyde, n number of positive patients, N total number of patients with available data, N/A not available, NS not significant, OR odds ratio, PC phosphorylcholine, RU relative units Significant p values are highlighted in bold
^aNephritis was defined according to the 1982 revised ACR criteria, by proteinuria > 5 g per day or greater than 3+ by dipstick if quantification was not performed, and/or cellular casts [25]
^bp value from Mann-Whitney analysis (continuous variables) or Fisher’s exact test (frequencies)
^cp value adjusted for sex, age, disease duration, and IgG anti-dsDNA levels

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