Fig. 2

Expression of CD163, heme oxygenase (HO-1), and BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) in human monocyte-derived M1- and M2-like macrophages (Mϕ) from healthy donors (HD). Purified peripheral monocytes were cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or macrophage colony-stimulating factor for 10 days to induce differentiation of M1- or M2-like Mϕ, respectively. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was semiquantitatively determined from M1- and M2-like Mϕ generated from HD in vitro (n = 6) by RT-PCR of (a) CD163, (b) HO-1, (c) interleukin (IL)-10, (d) IL-6, and (e) Bach1. f HO-1 mRNA expression of M1- and M2-like Mϕ from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) stimulated with interferon (IFN)-α (n = 6). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 by Student’s t test. Data shown are mean ± SEM. Representative immunocytochemical staining shows results for M1- and M2-like Mϕ stimulated with or without human recombinant IFN-α. CD163 (g–i) and HO-1 (j–l) (original magnification × 400). RQ Relative quantification