Fig. 4

Characteristics of cells within the glomeruli of BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1)-deficient MRL/lpr mice. Immunohistochemical staining of the renal tissues for CD68 (a, f), CD163 (b, g), heme oxygenase (HO)-1 (c, h), phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (pSTAT1) (d, i), and CMAF (e, j) (original magnification × 400). k Numbers of CD68⁺, CD163⁺, and HO-1⁺ cells in glomeruli of mice. l Ratio of CD163⁺ and CD68⁺ cells within the glomerulus of Bach1^+/+ and Bach1^−/− MRL/lpr mice. m and n Numbers of pSTAT1⁺ and CMAF⁺ cells in glomeruli of Bach1^+/+ and Bach1^−/− MRL/lpr mice (n = 2 from each group). o Numbers of estimated M1 macrophage (Mϕ), M2 Mϕ, and HO-1⁺ cells in glomeruli in the renal tissues from Bach1^+/+ and Bach1^−/− MRL/lpr mice. Data shown are mean ± SEM. Three glomeruli from each mouse were evaluated. (p) CD163, (q) HO-1, and (r) interferon (IFN)-α messenger RNA (mRNA) from the whole kidneys. mRNA expression of (s) CD163 and (t) HO-1 of CD11b⁺ peritoneal Mϕ. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 by Student’s t test. Data shown are mean ± SEM