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Fig. 3 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 3

From: A bivalent compound targeting CCR5 and the mu opioid receptor treats inflammatory arthritis pain in mice without inducing pharmacologic tolerance

Fig. 3

MCC22 is effective in the setting of inflammation, has an accumulative effect, and depends on the 22-atom spacer length. a Six- to 8-week-old K/B.g7 arthritic mice were treated with MCC22 once daily (8 μmol/kg/dose). The baseline mechanical pain threshold was recorded each day. The drug was then administered, and the pain threshold was determined again 2 h later. b K/B.g7 arthritic mice that received saline injections showed no increase in mechanical pain threshold. c. Nonarthritic control B6.g7 mice have higher baseline mechanical pain thresholds than K/B.g7 mice (compare with panels a and b) and this is not increased by MCC22 (dosed as in panel a). Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with post-hoc Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. Data are displayed as mean ± SEM; n = 4–5 mice/group. d Arthritic K/B.g7 mice received MCC22 or vehicle once daily starting at 6 weeks of age. MCC22 did not affect arthritis severity or ankle thickness. Data are representative of three experiments with a total of 11–13 mice/group and are displayed as mean ± SD. e Histopathologic scoring of ankle inflammation, fibroplasia, and cartilage damage following treatment with vehicle or MCC22. Circles indicate individual mice, bars indicate mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01

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