Fig. 6From: A bivalent compound targeting CCR5 and the mu opioid receptor treats inflammatory arthritis pain in mice without inducing pharmacologic toleranceThe activity of MCC22 depends on CCR5 expression. MCC22 (0.008 μmol/kg/dose) or morphine (6.62 μmol/kg/dose) were administered to CCR5+/+, CCR5+/− or CCR5−/− K/B.g7 mice, and the mechanical pain threshold was determined before and after administration of the compound. MCC22 is not effective in CCR5-deficient K/B.g7 mice, whereas morphine continues to provide effective analgesia. Data were compared within each group using paired t tests and are displayed as mean ± SEM; n = 4–7 mice/group. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01Back to article page