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Table 1 Features of 125 ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients

From: Detection of high cardiovascular risk patients with ankylosing spondylitis based on the assessment of abdominal aortic calcium as compared to carotid ultrasound

Variable

AS (n = 125)

Men/women, n

78/47

Age at time of study (years), mean ± SD

48.3 ± 9.6

Age at time of diagnosis (years), mean ± SD

39.5 ± 9.6

HLA-B27 positive, n (%)

92 (74.8)

Syndesmophytes, n (%)

51 (41.5)

History of synovitis, n (%)

35 (28.0)

History of enthesitis, n (%)

45 (36.0)

Extra-articular manifestations, n (%)

38 (30.4)

 Psoriasis

12 (9.6)

 Inflammatory bowel disease

10 (8.0)

 Uveitis

22 (17.6)

Therapy with TNF inhibitors, n (%)

49 (39.8)

ASDAS, mean ± SD

2.4 ± 0.9

BASFI, mean ± SD

3.9 ± 2.5

BASMI, mean ± SD

3.2 ± 1.7

MASES, median (IQR)

1 (0.0–4.0)

BASDAI, mean ± SD

3.7 ± 2.0

CRP (mg/l), median (IQR)

 At time of study

5.2 ± 6.7

 At time of disease diagnosis

10.8 ± 19.0

CRP > 3 mg/L at time of disease diagnosis, n (%)

72 (57.6)

ESR (mm/1st hour), median (IQR)

 At time of study

12.4 ± 13.4

 At time of disease diagnosis

16.1 ± 15.9

History of classic cardiovascular risk factors, n (%)

 Current smokers

37 (29.6)

 Ex-smokers

31 (24.8)

 Obesity

23 (18.4)

 Dyslipidemia

40 (32.0)

 Hypertension

21 (16.8)

Blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD

 Systolic

130.6 ± 15.3

 Diastolic

79.5 ± 9.7

Cholesterol and triglycerides (mg/dl), mean ± SD

 Total cholesterol

200.7 ± 34.5

 HDL cholesterol

55.6 ± 14.8

 LDL cholesterol

124.6 ± 31.7

 Triglycerides

97.3 ± 49.4

Carotid plaques, n (%)

55 (44.0)

Aortic calcification, n (%)

28 (22.4)

TC-SCORE ≥ 5, n (%)

7 (5.6)

  1. Main epidemiologic, clinical, radiographic, and ultrasonography features of a series of 125 AS patients older than 35 years of age without history of cardiovascular events, diabetes mellitus, or chronic kidney disease
  2. ASDAS Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, BASDAI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, BASFI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, BASMI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, CRP C-reactive protein, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HDL high-density lipoprotein, IQR interquartile range, LDL low-density lipoprotein, MASES Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score, SD standard deviation TC-SCORE total cholesterol systematic coronary risk evaluation, TNF tumor necrosis factor