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Fig. 1 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Arhalofenate acid inhibits monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammatory responses through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling

Fig. 1

Arhalofenate attenuates MSU crystal-induced inflammation in mice in vivo. Air pouches were created in normal C57BL/6 mice, and mice were subsequently dosed with arhalofenate orally for 3 days prior to the introduction of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals into the air pouch as described in the Methods section. The acute inflammatory response to crystal injection was determined by measuring the number of total infiltrating leukocytes or neutrophils (a), and production of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and CXCL1 (b) in the air pouch exudate 4 h post-dose. Dexamethasone served as the anti-inflammatory control agent. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 8–10 mice per group). The p values represent comparisons between MSU crystals alone and the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control, or between MSU crystals alone and MSU crystals plus arhalofenate or dexamethasone

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