Study | Machine | Probe | Mode | Synovitis (scoring method) | Tenosynovitis (scoring method) | Erosion | Locations scanned | One side (1)/both sides (2) | Total number of joints | Volar/dorsal side | Cut-off/threshold def. “inflammation US score” | Positive “inflammation US score”, % total group (progressors, non-progressors) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rakieh et al. 2015 [11] | Philips ATL HDI 5000 | 12–5 MHz and 8–15 MHz | PDUS | ND | ND | Wrist MCP I-V PIP I-V | 2 | 22 | NP | PDUS ≥ 1 | 33.0 (44.0, 22.0) | |
Nam et al. 2016 [10] | Philips ATL HDI 5000 and General Electric S7 | 5–12 and 8–15 MHz (Philips); 6–15 MHz (GE) | GSUS and PDUS | Yes (0–3; for both GSUS and PDUS) [22] | ND | Yes (0/1) | Wrist MCP I-V PIP I-V MTP I-V | 2 | 32 | Dorsal | None | GSUS = 0: 4.4 (1.8, 6.3) GSUS = 1: 27.9 (21.1, 32.9) GSUS ≥ 2: 67.6 (77.2, 60.8) PDUS = 0: 66.9 (50.9, 78.5) PDUS = 1: 18.4 (22.8, 15.2) PDUS = 2: 14.7 (26.3, 6.3) ERO = 0: 79.4 (64.9, 89.9) ERO = 1: 20.6 (35.1, 10.1) |
van der Ven et al. 2017 [8] | Mylab 60 (Esaote, Genoa, Italy) | 10–18 MHz | GSUS and PDUS | Yes (0–3; for both GSUS and PDUS) [15] | ND | ND | Wrist MCP II-V PIP II-V MTP II-V | 2 | 26 | Dorsal | a. Positive synovitis: GSUS ≥ 2 and/or PDUS ≥ 1 b. PDUS score: ≥ 1 | a. 35.6 (54.8, 31.5) b. 14.9 (29.0, 11.9) |
van de Stadt et al. 2010 [12] | Acuson Antares, premium edition (Siemens, Malvern, PA, USA) | 5–13 MHz | GSUS and PDUS | Yes (0–3; for both GSUS and PDUS) [13] | Yes (0–3) | ND | Only tender joints* | 2 | NA | Volar | PDUS ≥ 1 Joint effusion, synovitis, tenosynovitis ≥ 2 | GSUS synovitis ≥ 2: 12.5 (15.6, 11.6) GSUS effusion ≥ 2: 11.5 (17.7, 9.5) PDUS ≥ 1: 17.2 (22.2, 15.6) Tenosynovitis ≥ 2: 6.8 (8.9, 6.1) |
Pratt et al. 2013 [9] | Aplio Diagnostic Ultrasound System (Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation, Tochigi-Ken, Japan) | 12 MHz | GSUS and PDUS | ND | Yes (0–3) | MCP II-IV PIP II-IV MTP I-II | 2 | 16 | Dorsal and volar | GSUS: a. sum score ≥ 2; b. sum score/6 joints (worst hand) ≥ 2; c. number of joints ≥ 1: ≥ 3. PDUS: d. sum score ≥ 1; e. number of joints ≥ 1: ≥ 2 | a. 35.1 (56.2, 19.4) b. 29.6 (48.8, 15.0) c. 30.1 (50.6, 14.7) d. 29.0 (46.9, 15.7) e. 16.9 (29.6, 7.4) | |
Zufferey et al. 2017 [7] | Philips HD 11 | 7–13 MHz | GSUS | ND | ND | Wrist MCP II-V PIP II-V Elbows Knees | 2 | 22 | NP | a. B-mode score > 8 (of total possible score of 66). b. ≥ 2 joints (of total number of 22 joints) with grade ≥ 2 synovitis [18] | a. 21.3 (57.1, 17.8) b. 25.0 (71.4, 20.5) |