Skip to main content

Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics

From: Low bone mineral density predicts the formation of new syndesmophytes in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

Variable

Total patients (n = 119)

New syndesmophytes at 2 years

p value

No (n = 97)

Yes (n = 22)

Age (years)

35 ± 9

34 ± 10

38 ± 8

0.075

Male sex

91 (77)

74 (76)

17 (77)

1.000

BMI (kg/m2)

23.2 ± 3.4

22.9 ± 3.2

24.4 ± 4.1

0.072

Current smoking

36 (30)

25 (26)

11 (50)

0.038

Alcohol ≥ 3 units/day

3 (3)

3 (3)

0 (0)

1.000

Symptom duration (years)

8.6 ± 7.6

7.9 ± 7.3

11.6 ± 8.0

0.035

Family history of axSpA

12 (10)

12 (12)

0 (0)

0.120

HLA B27-positive

110 (92)

90 (93)

20 (91)

0.671

Peripheral arthritis

27 (23)

22 (23)

5 (23)

1.000

Radiographic sacroiliitis

90 (76)

70 (72)

20 (91)

0.097

BASDAI score (range 0–10)

3.9 ± 2.1

3.9 ± 2.0

3.7 ± 2.7

0.683

BASFI score

1.7 ± 2.1

1.7 ± 2.2

1.8 ± 1.8

0.722

ESR (mm/h)

23 ± 20

23 ± 20

23 ± 19

0.960

CRP (mg/L)

9.1 ± 14.9

8.9 ± 15.2

10.2 ± 14.1

0.703

ASDAS-ESR

2.6 ± 1.1

2.6 ± 1.1

2.5 ± 1.3

0.707

ASDAS-CRP

2.2 ± 1.3

2.2 ± 1.2

2.2 ± 1.5

0.883

mSASSS

7.6 ± 14.3

5.7 ± 13.0

15.8 ± 17.1

0.015

Number of syndesmophytes

2.3 ± 4.8

1.6 ± 4.3

5.0 ± 6.0

0.021

Presence of syndesmophytes

34 (29)

21 (22)

13 (59)

0.001

Patients on NSAIDs

106 (89)

86 (89)

20 (91)

1.000

Patients on sulfasalazine

42 (35)

34 (35)

8 (36)

1.000

Patients on TNF inhibitors

36 (30)

27 (28)

9 (41)

0.303

Patients on bisphosphonate

2 (2)

2 (2)

0 (0)

1.000

Patients on calcium

17 (14)

11 (11)

6 (27)

0.085

Patients on vitamin D

18 (15)

12 (12)

6 (27)

0.099

BMD (g/cm2)

 Lumbar spine

1.16 ± 0.17

1.17 ± 0.16

1.13 ± 0.22

0.949

 Femoral neck

0.94 ± 0.14

0.94 ± 0.14

0.92 ± 0.16

0.401

 Total hip

0.98 ± 0.15

0.99 ± 0.15

0.95 ± 0.15

0.338

Low BMD (Z score ≤ −2.0)

 Any site

19 (16)

12 (12)

7 (32)

0.047

 Lumbar spine

15 (13)

10 (10)

5 (23)

0.150

 Femoral neck

3 (3)

1 (1)

2 (12)

0.070

 Total hip

5 (4)

3 (3)

2 (9)

0.233

  1. Data presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation
  2. BMI body mass index, axSpA axial spondyloarthritis, BASDAI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, BASFI Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, ASDAS Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, mSASSS Modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, TNF tumour necrosis factor, BMD bone mineral density
Back to article page

Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

Contact us