|
Male sex
|
1.0
|
0.3–2.9
|
0.922
| | | |
|
Age (years)
|
1.0
|
1.0–1.1
|
0.078
| | | |
|
Symptom duration (years)
|
1.1
|
1.0–1.1
|
0.040
| | | |
|
BMI (kg/m2)
| | |
0.838
| | | |
|
< 18.5
|
1.7
|
0.3–9.8
|
0.567
| | | |
|
18.5–22.9
|
1.0 (reference)
| | | | | |
|
23.0–24.9
|
1.5
|
0.4–4.9
|
0.534
| | | |
|
≥ 25.0
|
1.6
|
0.5–5.2
|
0.403
| | | |
|
Current smoking
|
2.9
|
1.1–7.5
|
0.029
| | | |
|
HLA B27-positive
|
0.8
|
0.2–4.0
|
0.765
| | | |
|
Peripheral arthritis
|
1.0
|
0.3–3.0
|
0.996
| | | |
|
Radiographic sacroiliitis
|
3.9
|
0.8–17.6
|
0.082
| | | |
|
Presence of syndesmophytes
|
5.2
|
2.0–13.9
|
0.001
|
5.5
|
2.0–15.2
|
0.001
|
|
BASFI score, per 1 point
|
1.0
|
0.8–1.3
|
0.720
| | | |
|
BASDAI score ≥ 4
|
1.0
|
0.4–2.6
|
0.965
| | | |
|
ASDAS-CRP
| | |
0.632
| | | |
|
Low (< 1.3)
|
1.0 (reference)
| | | | | |
|
Moderate (< 2.1)
|
1.1
|
0.3–3.8
|
0.900
| | | |
|
High (≤ 3.5)
|
0.5
|
0.2–1.7
|
0.278
| | | |
|
Very high (> 3.5)
|
0.3
|
0.2–3.3
|
0.688
| | | |
|
Increased ESR (≥ 20 mm/h)
|
1.3
|
0.5–3.2
|
0.630
| | | |
|
Increased CRP (≥ 5 mg/L)
|
1.6
|
0.6–4.2
|
0.320
| | | |
|
Patients on NSAIDs
|
1.3
|
0.3–6.2
|
0.761
| | | |
|
Patients on sulfasalazine
|
1.1
|
0.4–2.8
|
0.907
| | | |
|
Patients on TNF inhibitors
|
1.8
|
0.7–4.7
|
0.232
| | | |
|
Patients on calcium
|
2.9
|
0.9–9.0
|
0.062
| | | |
|
Patients on vitamin D
|
2.7
|
0.9–8.1
|
0.086
| | | |
|
Low BMD, any site (Z score ≤ −2.0)
|
3.3
|
1.1–9.8
|
0.030
|
3.6
|
1.1–11.8
|
0.031
|
