The inflammatory response in the regression of lumbar disc herniation

Table 1 Immune mediators implicating macrophages in LDH regression

Immune mediator	Sample	Species	Study
IL-6, NO, PGE2, MMP-3, MMP-2/MMP-9	Herniated IVD tissue	Human	Kang et al., 1997 [42]
IL-8, MCP-1	Herniated IVD tissue	Human	Burke et al., 2002 [37]
IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-γ	Herniated IVD tissue	Human	Shamji et al., 2010 [32]
MMP-3, MMP-7	Coculture of IVD and macrophages	Mouse	Haro et al., 2000 [45]
MMP-7, TNF-α	Coculture of IVD and macrophages	Mouse	Haro et al., 2000 [46]
MMP-3, MMP-7, TNF-α, VEGF	Coculture of IVD and macrophages	Mouse	Kato et al., 2004 [47]
IL-6	Coculture of IVD and macrophages	Rat	Takada et al., 2004 [43]
IL-8, PGE2, COX-2	Coculture of IVD and macrophages	Rat	Takada et al., 2012 [44]

COX-2 cyclooxygenase 2, IFN-γ interferon gamma, IL interleukin, IVD intervertebral disc, LDH lumbar disc herniation, MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MMP matrix metalloproteinase, NO nitric oxide, PGE2 prostaglandin E2, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor

ISSN: 1478-6362