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Table 4 Absolute rate of CKD by ULT exposure

From: Risk of chronic kidney disease in patients with gout and the impact of urate lowering therapy: a population-based cohort study

Variable

Exposed

Unexposed

Unadjusted

Adjusted*

 

n

Rate‡

95% CI

n

Rate‡

95% CI

Hazard ratio

95% CI

Hazard ratio

95% CI

1-Year landmark

          

 Overall

674

34.3

31.8, 37.0

4058

23.3

22.6, 24.0

1.47

1.35, 1.59

1.09

0.99, 1.18

 Male

450

26.4

24.1, 28.9

2878

19.8

19.1, 20.5

1.33

1.21, 1.47

1.08

0.98, 1.20

 Female

224

86.7

76.1, 98.9

1180

41.0

38.7, 43.4

2.01

1.74, 2.32

1.11

0.96, 1.29

3-Year landmark

 Overall

549

26.1

24.0, 28.4

2027

19.3

18.4, 20.1

1.35

1.23, 1.49

1.03

0.94, 1.14

 Male

390

20.7

18.8, 22.9

1538

17.5

16.6, 18.4

1.19

1.06, 1.33

0.96

0.85, 1.07

 Female

159

71.1

60.9, 83.1

489

28.3

25.9, 31.0

2.43

2.03, 2.90

1.31

1.09, 1.59

  1. CKD chronic kidney disease, ULT urate-lowering therapy
  2. *Adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, treated hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, heart failure, index of multiple deprivation, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, history of hospitalisation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug exposure and baseline serum creatine and uric acid, when not stratified by them. ‡ per 10,000 person-years