Fig. 3

PD ameliorated lupus manifestations and reduced NET deposition in the kidneys in PIL mouse model. PIL mice were treated with vehicle or with PD (45 mg/kg, daily), CYC (1.8 mg/mouse, weekly), MMF (100 mg/kg, daily) for 16 weeks. a The proteinuria was assessed as described in Materials and Methods. b The levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies and anti-Sm antibodies were examined by ELISA. c On the left, representative H&E staining of glomerular and renal vascular lesions in kidneys was shown (× 400). On the right, Austin scores of kidneys were shown. d On the left, the glomeruli were stained for IgG deposition and the representative staining images were shown (× 400). On the right, 25 glomeruli were analyzed and the average score was calculated for each kidney as described in Materials and Methods. e On the left, representative staining images of NET formation in kidneys were shown. Colocalization of DNA (blue) and MPO (red) in kidneys was consistent with NET formation (× 400). On the right, the percentage of NET-stained glomeruli per animal was determined. For all experiments, N = 6 for normal mice; N = 9 for each group of treated PIL mice; data were shown as Mean ± SD, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. CYC cyclophosphamide, IgG immunoglobulin G, MMF mycophenolate mofetil, PD polydatin, PIL pristane-induced lupus