Without pleuropulmonary involvement (N = 2219) | With pleuropulmonary involvement (N = 996) | Univariate analyses | Multivariate analyses | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
P value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |||
Gender, female (%) | 91.5% (2030) | 88.3% (880) | 0.053 | 0.86 (0.57–1.29) | 0.450 |
Age at SLE onset, mean ± SD | 37 ± 11.6 | 39.1 ± 13 | <0.001 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | 0.001 |
Tobacco (before or at the time of RELESSER-TRANS inclusion) | 41.4% (919) | 45.2% (450) | 0.015 | 1.13 (0.88–1.45) | 0.350 |
Clinical manifestations | |||||
Arthritis | 77.3% (1717) | 80% (797) | 0.257 | 1.35 (0.99–1.85) | 0.069 |
Cutaneous | 64.9% (1440) | 62.6% (623) | 0.568 | ||
Raynaud’s phenomenon | 32.6% (723) | 41.9% (417) | <0.001 | 1.41 (1.09–1.84) | 0.015 |
Vasculitis | 7.2% (160) | 17.6% (175) | <0.001 | 1.81 (1.25–2.62) | 0.002 |
Nephritis | 26.8% (595) | 39% (389) | 0.043 | 1.30 (0.98–1.73) | 0.068 |
Severe lupus nephritis (only including classes III, IV, V, and mixed III/IV + V) | 20.2% (450) | 26.7% (266) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.12–1.95) | 0.002 |
Non-ischemic cardiac disease, excluding pericarditis | 2.3% (52) | 9.3% (93) | <0.001 | 2.91 (1.90–4.15) | 0.001 |
Gastrointestinal involvement, except hepatitis | 2.2% (49) | 5.3% (53) | 0.001 | 2.05 (1.14–3.66) | 0.016 |
Hepatitis | 2.3% (51) | 3.9% (39) | 0.078 | 0.75 (0.35–1.60) | 0.453 |
Hematologic abnormalities | 76.7% (1701) | 84.3% (840) | 0.001 | 1.31 (1.00–1.71) | 0.048 |
Neuropsychiatric manifestations | 4.4% (98) | (112) | <0.001 | 1.49 (1.11–2.02) | 0.009 |
Secondary antiphospholipid syndrome | 12% (266) | 27.9% (278) | <0.001 | 2.20 (1.63–2.97) | 0.000 |
SLEDAI score, mean ± SD | 2.72 ± 2.43 | 3.65 ± 2.25 | <0.001 | 1.03 (1.00–1.07) | 0.021 |
SDI score, mean ± SD | 0.90 ± 1.40 | 2.39 ± 3.34 | <0.001 | ||
Immunological laboratory* | |||||
Anti-dsDNA antibody positivity | 71.3% (1978/2772) | 76.7% (277/361) | 0.072 | ||
Hypocomplementemia | 76.2% (2123/2785) | 77.9% (278/357) | 0.085 | ||
Anti-Sm antibody positivity | 20.2% (545/2701) | 23.6% (82/347) | 0.134 | ||
Anti-Ro antibody positivity | 40.8% (1126/2760) | 36.1% (126/349) | 0.092 | ||
Anti-La antibody positivity | 19.7% (543/2756) | 16.5% (58/352) | 0.149 | ||
Anti-RNP antibody positivity | 23.9% (657/2744) | 30.5% (107/351) | 0.007 | 1.32 (1.00–1.75) | 0.054 |
Anticardiolipin antibody positivity (IgM or IgG) | 19.9% (520/2616) | 21.7% (73/336) | 0.426 | ||
Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein 1 (IgM or IgG) | 13.3% (226/1697) | 14.9% (33/221) | 0.509 | ||
Lupus anticoagulant | 22.2% (455/2049) | 30.1% (82/272) | 0.004 |