Fig. 8

KCa1.1 and Kv1.3 blockers work in tandem to reduce disease severity in pristane-induced arthritis (PIA). a Clinical scores of paw inflammation in rats with PIA treated with vehicle (open squares), paxilline (Pax; black triangles), ShK-186 (gray squares), or both paxilline and ShK-186 (open triangles) every other day for 21 days after disease onset. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 18–27 rats per group). b Ex vivo invasiveness of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) isolated from healthy rats and from rats with PIA treated with vehicle, paxilline, ShK-186, or both paxilline and ShK-186. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, N = 3 FLS donors per group. c Left, example X-rays of hind paws of a healthy rat and from rats with PIA treated with vehicle, paxilline, ShK-186, or paxilline and ShK-186 every other day for 21 days after disease onset. Center and right: Safranin O/Fast Green staining (center) and H&E staining (right) of tissue sections of hind paw joints from a healthy rat and of rats from each treatment group. Arrows indicate areas of cartilage erosions (Safranin O/Fast Green) or hyperplasia (H&E). Scale bar = 100 μm. *p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001