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Table 2 Multivariate regression analysis for hip OA at 2-years and/or 5-year follow up according to the ACR classification criteria (n = 198, 80 cases, a priori risk = 0.40)

From: Prevalence and development of hip and knee osteoarthritis according to American College of Rheumatology criteria in the CHECK cohort

Baseline characteristics

Analysis per category OR (95% CI)

Multivariate analysis OR(95% CI)

PPV

NPV

LR+

LR-

Demographics

 Age (<= 50vs. > 50 years)

0.53(0.28–1.01)

0.90(0.41–1.99)

0.36

0.48

0.84

1.6

Complaints and symptoms

 Pain last week, NRS

1.15(0.99–1.33)

1.04(0.87–1.26)

na

na

na

na

 Morning stiffness hip (yes = 1/no = 0)

2.60 (1.14–3.71)

2.39 (1.14–4.98)

0.51

0.66

1.56

0.75

Comorbidities and interventions

 Knee pain (yes = 1/no = 0)

0.63 (0.33–1.20)

0.71 (0.32–1.55)

0.37

0.51

0.89

1.42

 Painkillers (yes = 1/no = 0)

2.01 (1.12–3.59)

1.60 (0.75–3.41)

0.5

0.67

1.47

0.73

Physical examination

 Painful hip internal rotation (yes = 1/no = 0)

2.59 (1.43–4.67)

2.53 (1.23–5.19)

0.53

0.69

1.71

0.66

 Hip flexion ROM (0 = > 115° vs. 1 = <= 115°)

2.00 (1.12–3.67)

2.33 (1.17–4.64)

0.5

0.67

1.47

0.73

Diagnostic tests

 ESR < 20 mm/h

3.54 (1.30–7.13)

2.94 (1.13–7.61)

0.46

0.77

1.22

0.4

  1. Bold values indicate significant values (p < 0.05) in the final model
  2. ACR American College of Rheumatology, OR odds ratio, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, NRS numeric rating scale, ROM range of motion, LR+ positive likelihood ratio, LR- negative likelihood ratio, na not applicable (continuous variable), ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate