A simplified lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: a meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of individual articles selected

First author [Ref]	Year	Country	Disease	LIS	Numbers		Cutoff value (B-line)	Probe frequency (MHz)	Probe type	True positive	False positive	False negative	True negative	Study quality
First author [Ref]	Year	Country	Disease	LIS	ILD (+)	ILD (−)	Cutoff value (B-line)	Probe frequency (MHz)	Probe type	True positive	False positive	False negative	True negative	Study quality
Delle [32]	2010	Italy	SSc	65	16	11	5	2.5–3.5; 6–12	2.5–3.5 (cardiac sector probe); 6–12 (linear probe)	12	2	4	9	7
Tardella [10]	2012	Italy	CTD	50	26	8	10	2–7	Broadband convex multi-frequency transducer	20	0	6	8	13
Barskova [24]	2013	Italy	SSc	72	36	22	5	2.5–3.5	Cardiac sector transducer	36	10	0	12	13
Mohammadi [33]	2014	USA	SSc	10	53	17	5	7–10	Broadband linear multi-frequency transducer	39	2	14	15	11
Moazedi-Fuerst [34]	2014	Austria	RA	All	17	47	–	3.5	Convex transducer	16	2	1	45	11
Cogliati [7]	2014	Italy	RA	72	13	26	10	5–2	Convex probe	12	13	1	13	13
Moazedi-Fuerst(a) [23]	2015	Austria	RA	All	7	18	–	3.5	Convex transducer	7	1	0	17	10
Moazedi-Fuerst(b) [23]	2015	Austria	SSc	All	9	5	–	3.5	Convex transducer	9	2	0	3	10
Moazedi-Fuerst(c) [23]	2015	Austria	SLE	All	4	2	–	3.5	Convex transducer	4	0	0	2	10
Vizioli [35]	2016	Italy	ILD	All	25	24	5	5–8; 2–5	5–8 (linear probe); 2–5 (convex probe)	23	7	2	17	14
Cakir [29]	2016	Turkey	SSc	14	29	19	5	5–10	Linear probe	29	3	0	16	11
Vasco [8]	2017	Spain	SS	All	4	9	3	2–5.5; 3.3–10	2–5.5 (60-mm-wide-band convex array probe); 3.3–10 (linear array)	4	1	0	8	14
Tardella [9]	2018	Italy	SSc	14	27	13	10	4–13	Broadband linear transducer	26	1	1	12	14

a, b, and c represent one article including three different diseases
ILD interstitial lung disease, CTD connective tissue disease, SSc systemic sclerosis, RA rheumatoid arthritis, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, SS Sjögren’s syndrome, LIS intercostal spaces, − not available