Table 1 Characteristics of the selected studies

Agricola et al. [11]

Prospective cohort (CHECK)

1002 (analyzed 723 patients)

THR

5 years

Agricola et al. [12]

Prospective cohort (CHECK)

1002 (analyzed 550 women)

THR due to OA

5 years

Agricola et al. [12]

Nested case-control (Chingford cohort)

1003 (analyzed 114)

THR due to OA

19 years

Auquier et al. [13]

Retrospective cohort

131

Increase in stage of pain and function, stages minimal, moderate, moderate-severe, severe

6–23 years

Barr et al. [14]

Case-control

195 (analyzed 102 patients)

THR (compared to non-progression hips: increase of ≤ 1 K-L grade)

5 years

Bastick et al. [15]

Prospective cohort (CHECK)

545 (analyzed 363 patients)

NRS score for pain, group moderate progression compared to mild pain. Groups based on LCGA

5 years

Bastick et al. [16]

Prospective cohort (CHECK)

588 (analyzed 538)

THR

5 years

Bergink et al. [17]

Prospective cohort (Rotterdam I)

176

1. Increase ≥ 1 K-L grade

2. Decrease ≥ 1 mm of joint space

Average 8.4 years

Birn et al. [18]

Case-control

94 (5 cases, 89 controls)

Rapidly destructive OA: > 2 mm or > 50% JSN/year

NR

Birrell et al. [19]

Prospective cohort

195

Time to being put on a waiting list for THR

36 months

Bouyer et al. [20]

Prospective cohort (KHOALA)

242 (analyzed 133 patients)

1. Increase ≥ 1 K-L grade

2. Increase ≥ 1 JSN score

3. Time to THR

3 years

Castano Betancourt et al. [21]

Prospective cohort (GOAL)

189

JSN ≥ 20% compared to baseline or THR

2 years

Chaganti et al. [22]

Nested case-control (SOF)

168 cases and 173 controls

Decrease in MJS of 0.5 mm, increase of ≥ 1 in summary grade, increase ≥ 2 in total osteophyte score, or THR for OA

Average 8.3 years

Chevalier et al. [23]

Prospective cohort

30

Rapid evolution: JSN > 0.6 mm/year

1 year

Conrozier et al. [24]

Case-control

104 (analyzed 10 cases, 23 controls)

Rapidly progressive hip OA: severe hip pain, symptom onset within the last 2 years, annual rate of JSN > 1 mm, ESR < 20 mm/h, absence of detectable inflammatory or crystal-induced joint disease

NR

Conrozier et al. [25]

Retrospective cohort

89

Radiographic: YMN, calculated from MJS in mm/year

18–300 months

Conrozier et al. [26]

Prospective cohort

48

JSN in mm/year

1 year

Danielsson [27, 28]

Prospective cohort

168

1. Increase in pain index 0–5

2. Operation because of hip OA

3. Increase in radiographic index 0–10

8–12 years

van Dijk et al. [29]

Prospective cohort

123

1. Decrease in WOMAC function

2. Increase in seconds of timed walking test

3 years

van Dijk et al. [30]

Prospective cohort

123

1. Decrease in WOMAC function

2. Increase in seconds of timed walking test

3 years

Dorleijn et al. [31]

Prospective cohort (GOAL)

222 (analyzed 111 patients)

VAS score for pain, group highly progressive compared to mild pain groups based on LCGA

2 years

Dougados et al. [32]

Prospective cohort (ECHODIAH)

508 (analyzed 461 patients)

Radiological: ≥ 0.6 mm decrease in JSW

1 year

Dougados et al. [33]

Prospective cohort (ECHODIAH)

508 (analyzed 463 patients)

Radiological: > 0.5 mm decrease in JSW

2 years

Dougados et al. [34]

Prospective cohort

508

Time to the requirement of THR

3 years

Fukushima et al. [35]

Prospective cohort

20

Increase in Tönnis grade

25 months

Golightly et al. [36]

Prospective cohort (Johnston County)

1453

Increase in K-L grade or increase in hip symptoms (mild, moderate, severe)

3–13 years

Gossec et al. [37]

Prospective cohort

741 (analyzed 505 patients)

THR

2 years

Hartofilakidis et al. [38]

Retrospective cohort

210

THR

2 to > 10 years

Hawker et al. [39]

Prospective cohort

2128

Time to THR

6.1 years

Hoeven et al. [40]

Prospective cohort (Rotterdam I)

5650 (number analyzed: NR)

Increase ≥ 1 K-L grade baseline to follow-up

10 years

Holla et al. [41]

Prospective cohort (CHECK)

588

Moving into a higher group (quintiles of WOMAC-PF 0–68) or remaining within the three highest groups

2 years

Juhakoski et al. [42]

Prospective cohort

118

1. WOMAC pain (0–100)

2. WOMAC function (0–100)

2 years

Kalyoncu et al. [43]

Retrolective cohort (ECHODIAH)

192

THR

10 years

Kelman et al. [44]

Nested case-control (SOF)

396 (cases 197, controls 199)

Decrease in minimum joint space of ≥ 0.5 mm, an increase of ≥ 1 in the summary grade, an increase of ≥ 2 in total osteophyte score, or THR

8.3 years

Kerkhof et al. [45]

Prospective cohort (Rotterdam I)

1610

Radiologic: JSN ≤ 1.0 mm or THR during follow-up

NR

Kopec et al. [46]

Prospective cohort (Johnston County)

1590 (analyzed 571 people)

Increase ≥ 1 in K-L grade

3–13 years

Lane et al. [47]

Prospective cohort (SOF)

745

Decrease in minimum joint space of ≥ 0.5 mm, an increase of ≥ 1 in the summary grade, an increase of ≥ 2 in total osteophyte score, or THR

8 years

Lane et al. [48]

Nested case-control (SOF)

342

Radiological: decrease in minimum joint space of ≥ 0.5 mm, an increase of ≥ 1 in the summary grade, an increase of ≥ 2 in total osteophyte score, or THR

8.3 years

Laslett et al. [49]

Prospective cohort (TasOAC)

1099 (analyzed 765 people)

WOMAC pain (0–100)

2–4 years

Ledingham 1993 [50]

Prospective cohort

136

1. Global assessment of radiographic change

2. THR

3–73 months

Lievense et al. [51]

Prospective cohort

224 (analyzed 163 patients)

THR

5.8 years

Maillefert et al. [52]

Prospective cohort (ECHODIAH)

508

1. Decrease in JSW > 50% during the first year follow-up

2. THR in 1–5 years of follow-up

5 years

Mazieres et al. [53]

Prospective cohort (ECHODIAH)

507 (analyzed 333 patients)

JSN ≥ 0.5 mm or THP

3 years

Nelson et al. [54]

Prospective cohort (Johnston County)

309

1. Increase in K-L grade

2. Increase in osteophyte severity grade

3. Increase in JSN severity grade

5 years

Perry et al. [55]

Case-control

44

Radiographic: progressive deterioration

5–14 years

Peters et al. [56]

Prospective cohort

587 (analyzed 214 patients)

New Zealand score 0–80 (combination of pain and function)

7 years

Pisters et al. [57]

Prospective cohort

149

Increase in WOMAC function on average over time (measured at 1, 2, 3, 5 years)

5 years

Pollard 201et al. 2 [58]

Prospective cohort

264

Signs on examination of hip OA or symptoms at baseline and signs and symptoms at follow-up

5 years

Reijman et al. [59]

Prospective cohort (Rotterdam I)

1235

JSN ≥ 1.0 mm in at least 1 of 3 compartments (lateral, superior, axial)

6.6 years

Reijman et al. [60]

Prospective cohort (Rotterdam I)

1904

Radiologic: JSN ≤ 1.0 mm or THR during follow-up

6.6 years

Reijman et al. [61]

Prospective cohort (Rotterdam I)

1676

1. JSN of ≥ 1 mm

2. JSN of ≥ 1.5 mm

3. Increase of ≥ 1 K-L grade

6.6 years

Solignac [62]

Prospective cohort (ECHODIAH)

507 (analyzed 333 patients)

JSN ≥ 0.5 mm or THP

3 years

van Spil et al. [63]

Prospective cohort (CHECK)

1002 (analyzed 178 patients)

Radiographic: ≥ 1 K-L grade increase

5 years

Thompson et al. [64]

Case-control

34 cases, controls: NR

Rapidly progressive OA: loss of bone or a combined loss of bone and articular cartilage at rate > 5 mm per year

18 months

Tron et al. [65]

Retrospective cohort

39

Mean annual JSN in mm

NR

Verkleij et al. [66]

Prospective cohort (GOAL)

222 (analyzed 111 patients)

VAS score for pain, group highly progressive compared to mild pain, groups based on LCGA

2 years

Vinciguerra et al. [67]

Retrospective cohort

149

Time to THR

Variable