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Table 3 Effect of TMP-SMX prophylaxis on 1-year PCP incidence stratified according to the presence of risk factors

From: Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with rheumatic diseases receiving prolonged, non-high-dose steroids—clinical implication of primary prophylaxis using trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole

 

Whole population (n = 1065)

High-risk subgroupa (n = 173)

Hazard ratio (95% profile likelihood CI)

Hazard ratio (95% profile likelihood CI)

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysisb

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysisc

TMP-SMX prophylaxis

2.03 (0.02–17.95)

0.51 (0.004–5.30)

0.76 (0.006–6.74)

0.18 (0.001–2.31)

p value for hazard ratio

0.661

0.627

0.850

0.216

  1. CI confidence interval, PCP pneumocystis pneumonia, TMP-SMX trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole
  2. aDefined as treatment episodes with baseline lymphopenia and/or concomitant steroid-pulse treatment
  3. bIncluded concomitant steroid pulse and cyclophosphamide, higher previously used steroid (≥ 800 mg of prednisone or equivalent during previous 6 months) and lymphopenia as covariates, and was also adjusted for clustering
  4. cIncluded old age (≥ 70 years) and concomitant steroid-pulse treatment as covariates and was also adjusted for clustering