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Table 5 The financial cost of healthcare utilization in SSc by DU severity*

From: Digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis: their epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and associated clinical and economic burden

Healthcare cost

Mild DU*

Moderate DU*

Severe DU*

p value

Mean ± SD, median (25th–75th) or n(%)

Mean ± SD, median (25th–75th) or n(%)

Mean ± SD, median (25th–75th) or n(%)

Total healthcare cost

 Total cost/pt. (2008–2015)

45,933 (24,823–99,604)

48,199 (30,472–79,802)

79,827 (36,861–117,822)

0.44

 Median annual cost/pt.

8269 (5784–11,713)

7881 (6220–11,433)

9048 (5429–10,700)

0.46

Hospital cost

 Total cost/pt. (2008–2015)

25,317 (7039–74,211)

33,783 (7573–58,526)

51,567 (15,752–98,245)

0.29

 Median annual cost/ pt

4232 (2716–6843)

4297 (2963–6207)

4614 (2889–6978)

0.98

ED cost

 Total cost/pt. (2008–2015)

800 (0–2082)

843 (0–2526)

966 (422–2965)

0.46

 Median annual cost/pt.

449 (0–871)

449 (0–898)

610 (409–968)

0.36

MBS cost

 Total cost/pt. (2008–2015)

17,017 (10,395–26,756)

16,280 (9639–26,534)

14,077 (8268–21,193)

0.35

 Median annual cost/pt.

2635 (1676–4000)

2347 (1644-3935)

2330 (1578–2968)

0.12

Medication cost

 Total cost/pt. (2008–2015)

1189 (646–8541)

1395 (732–6007)

1239 (928–7683)

0.45

  1. Abbreviations: DU digital ulceration, MBS medicare benefits schedule, ED emergency department, CCB calcium channel blockers, ERAs endothelial receptor antagonists, PDE5 phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors
  2. *DU severity was calculated based on the physician reported highest number of new DUs on examination at clinical review (mild 1–5 new DU, moderate 6–10, and severe > 10 new DU)