From: Non-histologic factors discriminating proliferative lupus nephritis from membranous lupus nephritis
Proliferative LN (N = 150) | Membranous LN (N = 18) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (± SD), years | 35.8 (± 14.3) | 39.8 (± 15.4) | 0.269 |
Female sex, n (%) | 138 (92.0%) | 16 (88.9%) | 0.649 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 34 (22.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | > 0.999 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 9 (6.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.599 |
SLE manifestations | |||
Mucocutaneous, n (%) | 41 (27.3%) | 5 (27.8%) | > 0.999 |
Musculoskeletal, n (%) | 41 (27.3%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.408 |
Neuropsychiatric, n (%) | 10 (6.7%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.149 |
Serositis, n (%) | 23 (15.3%) | 1 (5.6%) | 0.475 |
Hematologic, n (%) | 67 (44.7%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.023 |
Serology | |||
Positive anti-Sm Ab, n (%) | 59 (39.3%) | 9 (50.0%) | 0.384 |
Positive anti-Ro Ab, n (%) | 89 (59.3%) | 11 (61.1%) | 0.885 |
Positive anti-La Ab, n (%) | 44 (29.3%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.258 |
Positive anti-U1RNP Ab, n (%) | 73 (48.7%) | 14 (77.8%) | 0.020 |
Positive anti-dsDNA Ab, n (%) | 132 (88.0%) | 9 (50.0%) | < 0.001 |
Anti-dsDNA Ab level, median (IQR), IU/mL | 230.3 (79.0–380.0) | 9.0 (2.5–123.5) | < 0.001 |
Positive anti-dsDNA Ab and negative anti-U1RNP Ab, n (%) | 66 (44.0%) | 1 (5.6%) | 0.002 |
Positive anti-U1RNP Ab and negative anti-dsDNA Ab, n (%) | 7 (4.7%) | 6 (33.3%) | 0.001 |
Positive anti-dsDNA Ab and anti-U1RNP Ab, n (%) | 66 (44.0%) | 8 (44.4%) | 0.971 |
Positive lupus anticoagulant, n (%) | 32 (21.3%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.768 |
Positive anti-β2 glycoprotein I Ab, n (%) | 18 (12.0%) | 5 (27.8%) | 0.077 |
Positive anti-cardiolipin Ab, n (%) | 39 (26.0%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.566 |
Low C3, n (%) | 141 (94.0%) | 11 (61.1%) | < 0.001 |
C3 level, median (IQR), mg/dL | 41.0 (27.9–60.1) | 64.7 (44.3–92.3) | 0.001 |
Low C4, n (%) | 119 (79.3%) | 9 (50.0%) | 0.015 |
C4 level, median (IQR), mg/dL | 5.5 (2.5–11.9) | 12.8 (7.3–23.5) | < 0.001 |
Albumin level, mean (± SD), g/dL | 2.8 (± 0.7) | 2.9 (± 0.9) | 0.800 |
Creatinine level, mean (± SD), mg/dL | 1.13 (± 0.79) | 0.70 (± 0.26) | < 0.001 |
GFR, mean (± SD), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 83.2 (± 37.0) | 105.1 (± 23.8) | 0.002 |
Urine | |||
Urine PCR, median (IQR), mg/g | 3935.0 (1903.4–6439.7) | 3464.5 (2061.8–5775.0) | 0.778 |
Urine RBC of ≥ 5/HPF, n (%) | 109 (72.7%) | 7 (38.9%) | 0.003 |
Urine WBC of ≥ 5/HPF, n (%) | 86 (57.3%) | 6 (33.3%) | 0.053 |
Urine cast, n (%) | 31 (20.7%) | 1 (5.6%) | 0.202 |
SLEDAI-2K, mean (± SD) | 17.1 (± 5.8) | 12.2 (± 5.8) | 0.001 |