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Table 2 Comparison of patient characteristics according to the development of cardiovascular events during follow-up

From: Disease-specific factors associated with cardiovascular events in patients with Takayasu arteritis

 

CV events not occurred (N = 166)

CV events occurred (N = 41)

P value

Age, years, mean (±SD)

38.5 ± 13.4

43.6 ± 11.8

0.028

Female sex, n (%)

138 (83.1)

36 (87.8)

0.464

Hypertension, n (%)

75 (45.2)

25 (61.0)

0.070

Use of antihypertensive drugs, n (%)

75 (45.2)

25 (61.0)

0.070

Systolic BP, mmHg, mean (± SD)

128.9 ± 15.8

130.9 ± 17.0

0.477

Diastolic BP, mmHg, mean (± SD)

75.2 ± 12.5

76.9 ± 13.2

0.439

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

11 (6.6)

8 (19.5)

0.029

Smoking, n (%)

12 (7.2)

6 (14.6)

0.210

Total cholesterol, mg/dl, mean (± SD)

182.9 ± 40.4

172.9 ± 42.6

0.167

Triglycerides, mg/dl, mean (± SD)

108.6 ± 57.8

127.6 ± 91.1

0.209

HDL cholesterol, mg/dl, mean (± SD)

57.3 ± 17.1

51.2 ± 15.7

0.040

LDL cholesterol, mg/dl, mean (± SD)

103.8 ± 32.4

96.2 ± 33.8

0.183

Framingham risk score, %, median (IQR)a

3.9 (2.4–7.1)

5.5 (2.9–9.7)

0.119

BMI, kg/m2, mean (± SD)

22.5 ± 3.3

22.7 ± 2.7

0.702

Hemoglobin, g/dl, mean (± SD)

12.3 ± 1.5

12.3 ± 1.3

0.980

Anemia, n (%)

66 (39.8)

18 (43.9)

0.629

ESR, mm/h, median (IQR)

39.0 (20.5–68.5)

41.0 (20.0–66.3)

0.717

CRP, mg/l, median (IQR)

4.1 (1.0–23.1)

3.6 (1.0–15.2)

0.908

Type of vascular involvement, n (%)

 I

42 (25.3)

6 (14.6)

0.147

 IIA

19 (11.4)

4 (9.8)

> 0.999

 IIB

32 (19.3)

4 (9.8)

0.150

 III

7 (4.2)

1 (1.6)

> 0.999

 IV

11 (6.6)

0 (0.0)

0.126

 V

55 (33.1)

26 (63.4)

< 0.001

Pulmonary artery involvement, n (%)

13 (7.8)

3 (7.3)

> 0.999

Aortic regurgitation, n (%)

44 (26.5)

17 (41.5)

0.060

Use of glucocorticoids, n (%)

 None-to-low dose

66 (39.8)

19 (46.3)

0.443

 Medium-to-high dose

100 (60.2)

22 (53.7)

Use of MTX, n (%)

108 (65.1)

18 (43.9)

0.013

Use of AZA, n (%)

33 (19.9)

5 (12.2)

0.255

Use of aspirin, n (%)

94 (56.6)

29 (70.7)

0.100

Use of statins, n (%)

97 (58.4)

26 (63.4)

0.561

  1. CV cardiovascular, BP blood pressure, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, BMI body mass index, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, MTX methotrexate, AZA azathioprine, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range
  2. aPatients aged < 30 years were excluded as per the formula of calculation