| |
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
|---|
|
SLEDAI ≤ 4 (n = 492)
|
SLEDAI > 4 (n = 81)
|
P value
|
Odds ratio
|
CI95%
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Male sex, n (%)
|
41 (8.3)
|
9 (11.1)
|
0.4
| | | |
|
Age (years)
|
29.1 ± 12
|
29.9 ± 10
|
0.58
| | | |
|
Active smoking, n (%)
|
108 (22)
|
22 (27.2)
|
0.3
| | | |
|
Corticosteroids, n (%)*
|
307 (62.4)
|
66 (81.5)
|
0.001
|
2.033
|
1.019–4.056
|
0.044
|
|
Immunosuppressants, n (%)*
|
79 (16.1)
|
24 (29.6)
|
0.003
|
1.999
|
1.081–3.697
|
0.027
|
|
HCQ whole-blood level (ng/mL)
|
940.8 ± 448
|
765.9 ± 426
|
0.001
|
0.999
|
0.997–1.000
|
0.023
|
|
HCQ serum level (ng/mL)
|
479.9 ± 218
|
404.9 ± 244
|
0.008
| | | |
|
DCQ whole-blood level (ng/mL)
|
116.7 ± 54
|
108.8 ± 59
|
0.2
| | | |
|
DCQ serum level (ng/mL)
|
63.6 ± 31
|
56.3 ± 33
|
0.051
| | | |
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
23.9 ± 4.7
|
24.5 ± 5.3
|
0.64
| | | |
|
Haemoglobin (g/dL)
|
13.2 ± 1.3
|
12.45 ± 1.4
|
< 0.001
|
0.768
|
0.630–0.937
|
0.009
|
|
Platelets (cells/mm3)
|
252.5 ± 72.5
|
254.5 ± 91
|
0.61
| | | |
|
Leukocytes (cells/mm3)
|
6400 ± 2380
|
5798 ± 2588
|
0.036
| | | |
|
Lymphocytes (cells/mm3)
|
1466 ± 705
|
1348 ± 726
|
0.13
| | | |
|
Neutrophils (cells/mm3)
|
4412 ± 2195
|
3966 ± 2488
|
0.069
| | | |
- BMI body mass index, CI95% confidence interval 95%, DCQ desethylchloroquine, HCQ hydroxychloroquine
- *Multi-colinearity between corticosteroids and immunosuppressants was assessed. The VIF coefficient (= 1.071) excludes any colinearity between these two variables
