Fig. 5

The effect of IL-25 in IL-22-induced osteoclast differentiation from peripheral blood monocytes. CD14⁺ monocytes were pre-treated with IL-25 (0, 10, 50, 100 ng/ml) for 4 h, and then cultured with 25 ng/ml of M-CSF and 10 ng/ml IL-22. a TRAP⁺ multinucleated cell count and pit area were measured. b The gene expression of TRAP, NFATc1, cathepsin K, OC-STAMP, and ATP6v0d2 from differentiated osteoclasts was measured by real-time PCR. Data were normalized to beta-actin and reported in relative expression units. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001