Fig. 5

Activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway leads to the repression of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. BMSCs were treated with PBS, TNF-α, DMSO, or Tanshinone-I. a The expression of IκBα and p65, as well as phosphorylation of IκBα and p65 in BMSCs evaluated by Western blot analysis normalized to GAPDH. b, c ALP activity in BMSCs (× 200). d The expression of Runx2, OPN, and OCN in BMSCs with osteogenic differentiation for 14 days assessed by Western blot analysis normalized to GAPDH. *p < 0.05 vs. BMSCs treated with PBS. ^#p < 0.05 vs. BMSCs treated with DMSO. e The mineralization of BMSCs determined using ARS staining after treatment with TNF-α, PBS, Tanshinone-I, or DMSO (× 200). *p < 0.05 vs. BMSCs treated with PBS. ^#p < 0.05 BMSCs treated with DMSO. The measurement data were shown as mean ± standard deviation and compared by independent sample t test. The cell experiment was repeated three times