Fig. 1

Patients with LN show reduced percentages of CD117⁺ ILCs in the circulation and in renal tissue. a Gating strategy for blood ILCs. b Representative flow cytometry plots of ILC subsets within the PBMC. c Percentage of total ILCs (CD45⁺ Lin⁻ CD127⁺), CD117⁺ ILCs, CRTH2⁺ ILCs, and CD117⁻/CRTH2⁻ ILCs within the PBMC from HC (n = 8), LN (n = 12), AAV (n = 5), IgAN (n = 8), and MCD/FSGS (n = 5). d Representative flow cytometry plots of ILC subsets in urine. e Percentage of CD117⁺ ILCs and CRTH2⁺ ILCs in urine from patients with LN (n = 15), AAV (n = 6), IgAN (n = 9), and MCD/FSGS (n = 5). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 (Student’s t test). ^##P < 0.01 (Mann-Whitney test). ILC, innate lymphoid cell; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; HC, healthy control; LN, lupus nephritis; AAV, ANCA-associated vasculitis; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; MCD, minimal change disease; FSGS, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis