Fig. 2

RvD1 alleviated joint injury and inflammatory response in the CIA mice. a The timeline of the RvD1-treated CIA mice experiment. b The mean clinical score of CIA mice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated measurement was used to analyze the statistical significance. c H&E and toluidine blue staining of the knee joints of the mice (left panel). d Histological scores (synovial infiltration, synovial hyperplasia, bone destruction, and cartilage damage were assessed) were graded on a scale of 0 (normal) to 3 (severe) in 12 totally (right panel). e Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and CTGF in serum were measured by ELISA. The expressions of miRNA-146a-5p in joints from mice were determined by Q-PCR. The concentration of RvD1 in synovial fluid from CIA mice was measure by UPLC-MS/MS. CIA, CIA mice were intravenously injected with PBS; CIA + 20 ng RvD1, CIA mice were intravenously injected with 20 ng RvD1 per mouse; CIA + 100 ng RvD1, CIA mice were intravenously injected with 100 ng RvD1 per mouse. All data were represented as the mean ± SD. The differences of d, e were assessed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). n = 10 per group