The spectrum of association in HLA region with rheumatoid arthritis in a diverse Asian population: evidence from the MyEIRA case-control study

Table 2 Top association signals between HLA variants and risk of developing RA in the Malaysian population

Ethnicity	HLA variant	Position	Amino acid residue	Allele frequency		OR	95% CI	P
Ethnicity	HLA variant	Position	Amino acid residue	RA cases	Controls	OR	95% CI	P
Overall RA
All	HLA-DRB1 position 120	32,657,518	Asparagine	0.25	0.12	2.46	2.13–2.84	1.55 × 10^− 34*
Malay	HLA-DRB1 position 11	32,660,115	Valine	0.21	0.09	2.86	2.28–3.58	4.11 × 10⁻²⁰*
Chinese	HLA-DRB104:05*	32,660,042	–	0.13	0.04	3.47	2.00–6.03	9.49 × 10⁻⁰⁶
Indian	HLA-DRB1 position 96	32,657,590	Histidine	0.42	0.53	0.64	0.51–0.79	6.16 × 10⁻⁰⁵
ACPA-positive RA
All	HLA-DRB1 position 120	32,657,518	Asparagine	0.31	0.12	3.34	2.84–3.92	5.96 × 10⁻⁴⁹*
Malay	HLA-DRB1 position 11	32,660,115	Valine	0.28	0.09	4.26	3.30–5.49	7.22 × 10⁻²⁹*
Chinese	HLA-DRB104:05*	32,660,042	–	0.18	0.04	5.22	2.95–9.25	1.52 × 10⁻⁰⁸*
Indian	HLA-DRB1 position 96	32,657,590	Histidine	0.37	0.53	0.48	0.37–0.62	2.58 × 10^− 08*
ACPA-negative RA
All	HLA-DRB1 position 60	32,659,968	Serine	0.15	0.12	0.63	0.54–0.75	7.09 × 10⁻⁰⁸
Malay	HLA-DRB1 position 60	32,659,968	Serine	0.32	0.42	0.64	0.52–0.81	1.40 × 10⁻⁰⁴
Chinese	HLA-B27:04*	31,431,272	–	0.06	0.02	4.40	1.55–12.53	5.51 × 10⁻⁰³
Indian	HLA-B position 12	31,432,680	Valine	0.36	0.27	1.49	1.09–2.04	1.00 × 10⁻⁰²

The table shows the top association signals between HLA variants and risk of developing ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative RA in the Malay, Chinese, and Indian ethnic groups. All combined group of individuals with Malay, Chinese, Indian, and others/mixed ethnicities, RA rheumatoid arthritis, ACPA anti-citrullinated protein antibody, HLA human leukocyte antigen, DRB1 DR beta chain 1, OR odds ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, P p value. *Achieved genome-wide association threshold of P_GWAS < 5 × 10⁻⁸

ISSN: 1478-6362