Skip to main content

Table 2 Meta-analysis results for included studies of the relationship between risk factors and mortality in SLE-associated DAH patients

From: Risk factors for mortality of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Variables

No. of studies

Number of enrolled episodes

Effects model

I2 (%)

OR/SMD (95%CI)

P values

Relationship

Publication bias (P value of Begg’s test)

Demographic and clinical characteristics

 Age

7

243

Fixed

0.0%

0.35 (0.08, 0.61)

0.010

Increased risks

None (1.000)

 Female

4

189

Fixed

42.6%

0.69 (0.31, 1.54)

0.369

No association

None (0.734)

 Disease duration

6

226

Fixed

0.0%

0.28 (0.01, 0.55)

0.042

Increased risks

None (0.260)

 Lupus nephritis

3

140

Random

58.4%

5.45 (0.52, 56.95)

0.160

No association

None (0.296)

 NPSLE

3

124

Fixed

42.2%

0.96 (0.43, 2.15)

0.920

No association

None (1.000)

Laboratory data and disease activity

 Platelet

6

219

Random

69.1%

− 0.29 (− 0.86, 0.29)

0.328

No association

None (0.260)

 Drop of hemoglobin

5

202

Random

57.5%

0.34 (− 0.17, 0.85)

0.190

No association

None (0.806)

 C3

3

132

Random

77.0%

0.48 (− 0.51, 1.46)

0.340

No association

None (1.000)

 SLEDAI

6

186

Random

76.9%

0.24 (− 0.52, 0.99)

0.540

No association

None (1.000)

Comorbidity and treatment

 Infection

6

223

Fixed

37.5%

2.77 (1.55, 4.95)

0.001

Increased risks

None (0.260)

 CTX treatment

6

224

Random

75.5%

0.74 (0.16, 3.41)

0.700

No association

None (1.000)

 IVIG treatment

3

175

Random

61.2%

1.28 (0.24, 6.87)

0.780

No association

None (0.296)

 Plasmapheresis

5

167

Fixed

14.6%

1.96 (1.04, 3.70)

0.038

Increased risks

None (0.806)

 Mechanical ventilation

8

262

Fixed

23.3%

6.11 (3.27, 11.39)

< 0.0001

Increased risks

None (1.000)

  1. SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, DAH diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, OR odds ratios, SMD standardized mean difference, NPSLE neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus, C3 complement 3, SLEDAI systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index, CTX cyclophosphamide, IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin