Table 1 Demographics of SSc patients and controls vis-à-vis comorbidities, analytical, and disease-related data
From: HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and lipid profile in patients with systemic sclerosis
Controls (n = 115) | SSc patients (n = 73) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
Female, n (%) | 107 (93) | 68 (93) | 0.98 |
Age, years | 60 ± 6 | 59 ± 1 | 0.40 |
BMI, mg/cm2 | 28 ± 5 | 29 ± 6 | 0.38 |
Waist circumference, cm | 91 ± 14 | 96 ± 14 | 0.042 |
Systolic pressure, mmHg | 131 ± 15 | 133 ± 19 | 0.54 |
Diastolic pressure, mmHg | 84 ± 53 | 80 ± 13 | 0.53 |
Comorbidities, n(%) | |||
Hypertension | 40 (35) | 27 (37) | 0.76 |
Current smoking | 19 (17) | 14 (19) | 0.61 |
Diabetes | 7 (6) | 8 (11) | 0.22 |
BMI > 30 | 30 (26) | 22 (30) | 0.55 |
Statins | 13 (11) | 25 (34) | 0.000 |
Analytical data | |||
CRP, mg/dl | 1.00 (1.00–3.00) | 2.35 (1.15–4.29) | 0.96 |
Cholesterol, mg/dl | 223 ± 38 | 198 ± 39 | 0.000 |
Triglycerides, mg/dl | 104 ± 52 | 153 ± 83 | 0.000 |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 66 ± 18 | 49 ± 13 | 0.000 |
LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 136 ± 35 | 111 ± 45 | 0.000 |
LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio | 2.23 ± 0.84 | 2.50 ± 1.62 | 0.23 |
Non-HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 157 ± 37 | 149 ± 41 | 0.24 |
Lipoprotein A, mg/dl | 16 (9.32) | 23 (12.65) | 0.020 |
Apolipoprotein A1, mg/dl | 197 ± 34 | 168 ± 32 | 0.000 |
Apolipoprotein B, mg/dl | 102 ± 22 | 100 ± 26 | 0.67 |
Apo B:Apo A ratio | 0.54 ± 0.16 | 0.63 ± 0.30 | 0.024 |
Atherogenic index | 3.58 ± 0.98 | 4.37 ± 1.74 | 0.003 |
Cholesterol efflux capacity, % | 17 ± 11 | 8 ± 3 | 0.000 |
Systemic sclerosis-related data, n (%) | |||
Disease duration, years | 9 (4–15) | ||
Modified Rodnan skin score, units | 3 (1–6) | ||
Raynaud phenomenon | 62 (85) | ||
Digital ulcers | 8 (11) | ||
Calcinosis | 7 (10) | ||
Arthritis | 15 (21) | ||
Gastric reflux | 29 (40) | ||
Pathological esophageal manometry | 40 (55) | ||
Interstitial lung disease | 16 (22) | ||
Pulmonary hypertension | 16 (22) | ||
Anti-centromere antibody positivity | 47 (64) | ||
Anti-Scl70 antibody | 10 (14) | ||
Treatments | |||
Current prednisone use | 15 (21) | ||
Prednisone, mg/day | 5 (5–10) | ||
DMARDs, n (%) | 10 (14) | ||
Azathioprine | 4 (5) | ||
Methotrexate | 2 (3) | ||
Mycophenolate | 2 (3) | ||
Hydroxychloroquine | 2 (3) | ||