Table 2 Details of the interventions in the included studies

Jablonski et al. [31]

Endogenous molecule

Cartilage regeneration model;

Cartilage regeneration model in CCR2^−/−CCL2^−/− mouse

Cartilage regeneration model: M1: CD38⁺↑;

Cartilage regeneration model in CCR2^−/−CCL2^−/− mouse: M2:CD206⁺F4/80⁺↑

Joint

Zhang et al. [37]

Mouse OA model;

Rheb1 Knockout (KO) in myeloid cells

Mouse OA model: M0: F4/80↑; M1: iNOS↑;

Mouse OA model in Rheb1 KO mouse: M0: (F4/80↑)↓; M1: (iNOS↑)↓; M2: CD206↑

Joint

Zhou et al. [54]

Mouse OA model;

Modified ZIF-8 Nanoparticles

Mouse OA model: CD16/32↑;

Nanoparticles on OA model: (CD16/32↑) ↓, CD163↑

Joint

Nobuaki et al. [52]

Mouse OA model;

SRT2104 (SIRT1 activator)

SRT2104 on OA model: M1: iNOS↓; M2: CD206↑

Joint

Siebelt et al. [42]

Anti-inflammation

Triamcinolone acetonide (TA)

TA: M2: CD163↑

Joint

Zhang et al. [45]

MSC-related option

Exosomes

Rat OA model: M1: CD86↑; M2: CD163↓;

Exosome + Rat OA model: (M1: CD86↑) ↓; (M2: CD163↓) ↑

Joint

Shu et al. [55]

Mouse OA model;

Bone marrow stem cell (BMSC)

Hyaluronan:M2c (F4/80⁺CD206⁺CD301⁺)↑

Joint

Zhou et al. [30]

Traditional Chinese herb

Kinsenoside (Kin)

Mouse OA model: M1: CD16/32 + ↑;

Kin+ Mouse OA model: (M1: CD16/32 + ↑) ↓; M2: CD206↑

Joint

Hu et al. [46]

Quercetin

Quercetin: M2: Arg1↑, MR↑, Ym1↑;

Rat OA model: M0: CD68↑; M2: MR↑;

Quercetin+ Rat OA model: (M0: CD68↑) ↓; (M2: MR↑) ↑

Joint

Dai et al. [47]

Squid type II collagen (SCII)

SCII: M2: Arg1↑, Ym1↑, MR↑, Fizz1↑;

Rat OA model: M0: CD68↑; M2: MR↑;

SCII+ Rat OA model: M0:(CD68↑) ↓; M2: (MR↑)↑

Joint

Wang et al. [35]

Others

Mouse OA model

Bortezomib (BTZ)

Mouse OA model: M1: F4/80⁺CD86⁺CD63⁻↑; M2: F4/80⁺CD86⁻CD63⁺↓;

BTZ+ Mouse OA model: M1: (F4/80⁺CD86⁺CD63⁻↑) ↓; M2: (F4/80⁺CD86⁻CD63⁺↓) ↑

Joint