Usefulness of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 as a predictor of sustained remission in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

Table 4 Comparison of patients with relapse and sustained remission in the MAAV-EU study

	Relapse (n = 5)	Sustained remission (n = 25)	p value^b
Male/female, n/n	2/3	10/15	1.0
Age, years	68 (65–71)	66 (61–72)	0.40
Disease duration, year	1.9 (1.1–2.1)	3.5 (1.5–11.7)	0.062
Previous history of relapse	2 (40%)	7 (28%)	0.62
GPA/MPA, n/n	3/2	11/14	0.64
MPO-ANCA-positive at onset	4 (80%)	16 (64%)	0.64
PR3-ANCA-positive at onset	1 (20%)	7 (28%)	1.0
Serum creatinine at baseline, mg/dL	0.75 (0.59–0.92)	1.0 (0.69–0.95)	0.34
eGFR at baseline, mL/min/1.73 m²	78 (63–80)	65 (50–68)	0.22
MPO-ANCA negative conversion at enrollment^a	3 (75%)	8 (53%)	0.60
Glucocorticoids at − 6 months, mg/day	10 (9–10)	5 (5–10)	0.36
Glucocorticoids at − 3 months, mg/day	9 (9–10)	5 (5–8)	0.035
Glucocorticoids at baseline, mg/day	9 (8–10)	5 (5–6)	0.019
Immunosuppressants	3 (60%)	18 (72%)	0.62

Values are medians (IQR) or n (%)
^aThe rate of MPO-ANCA negative conversion was only calculated for MPO-ANCA-positive patients whose MPO-ANCA levels were measured at enrollment (relapse, n = 4; sustained remission, n = 15)
^bp < 0.05 was considered to be significant
MAAV-EU study, maintenance therapy for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in the Ehime University study; GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis; MPA, microscopic polyangiitis; MPO, myeloperoxidase; PR3, proteinase-3; ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate

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