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Fig. 5 | Arthritis Research & Therapy

Fig. 5

From: Lactate oxidative phosphorylation by annulus fibrosus cells: evidence for lactate-dependent metabolic symbiosis in intervertebral discs

Fig. 5

Lactate-treated AF cells exhibit increased aerobic respiration and matrix protein synthesis. A Increase in in basal oxygen consumption and mitochondria ATP-link respiration in AF cells treated with lactate. Oxygen consumption rates (OCR) of AF cells were measured by Seahorse XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer at basal conditions and with serial administration of 1 μM oligomycin, 0.3 μM FCCP, 100 mM 2DG, and 1 μM rotenone. OCR was calculated and normalized to protein amount and the results were expressed as a mean of four different samples ± SEM. Individual parameters of OXPHOS were derived from OCR profiles of AF cells ± lactate, as described in the “Materials and methods” section. Addition of lactate significantly increased basal OCR (A.1) and mitochondrial ATP-linked respiration (A.2). Results are expressed as mean of four different samples (derived from four rabbits) ± SEM, *p < 0.05. B Exogenously added lactate increases matrix protein synthesis. Rabbit AF cell cultures exposed to physiological concentration of glucose (1 mM) in the presence or absence of 4 mM lactate. The presence of lactate also increases protein synthesis (3H-L-proline incorporation (B.1), collagen matrix synthesis (3H-Lproline incorporation & collagenase sensitive fraction (B.2), and proteoglycan synthesis (35S-sulfate incorporation (B.3). Results are expressed as mean of four different samples (derived from four rabbits) ± SEM. *p < 0.05

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