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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study participants

From: Plasma metabolomic profiling in patients with rheumatoid arthritis identifies biochemical features predictive of quantitative disease activity

 

Discovery cohortα

Validation cohortβ

Number of RA patients/samples

64/128

12/12

Sex of RA patients (female/male)

44/20

9/3

 

Visit 1

Visit 2

 DAS28-CRP

  Mean ± SD

3.1 ± 1.3

3.0 ± 1.4

2.4 ± 1.3

  Range (min–max)

1.5–7.0

1.2–6.6

1.7–5.9

 Age (years)

  Mean ± SD

62.7 ± 10.5

63.5 ± 10.6

67.8 ± 10.6

  Range (min–max)

32–85

33–86

54–84

 BMI

  Mean ± SD

30.6 ± 5.7

31.1 ± 6.2

27.0 ± 4.1

  Range (min–max)

22.4–45.3

22.8–47.8

19.0–33.3

  N/A (n)

6

6

2

 Smoking history (n)

  Current (active within 3 months)

7

5

1

  Former

31

32

3

  Never

25

27

7

  N/A

1

0

1

 CRP (mg/L)

   

  Mean ± SD

8.91 ± 16.8

8.0 ± 12.7

11.5 ± 21.7

  Range (min–max)

0.29–113.0

0.7–84.0

1.0–77.1

 RFγ (n)

  Positive

36

6

  Negative

15

2

  N/A

13

4

 Anti-CCPγ (n)

  Positive

44

5

  Negative

13

1

  N/A

7

6

 Treatment

  Methotrexate use (n (%))

48 (75.0%)

49 (76.6%)

7 (58.3%)

  Methotrexate dose (mg/week)

   Median

20.0

20.0

22.5

   IQR [Q1, Q3]

[15.0, 25.0]

[15.0, 25.0]

[17.5,25.0]

   Prednisone use (n (%))

29 (45.3%)

28 (43.8%)

4 (33.3%)

  Prednisone dose (mg/day)

   Median

5.0

5.0

5.0

   IQR

[5.0, 7.0]

[5.0, 5.0]

[5.0, 5.0]

   TNFi-bDMARDsδ (n (%))

23 (35.9%)

21 (32.8%)

3 (25.0%)

  Non-TNFi-bDMARDsε (n (%))

6 (9.4%)

7 (10.9%)

1 (8.3%)

  Non-methotrexate csDMARDsλ (n (%))

20 (31.2%)

27 (42.2%)

1 (8.3%)

  1. N/A Not available, RF rheumatoid factor, Anti-CCP anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, IQR inter-quartile range, bDMARDs biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, csDMARDs conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (an expanded table with further information on demographic and clinical characteristics is provided in Additional file 2 and Additional file 3)
  2. αTraining group. Plasma samples were obtained from patients at two different time points
  3. βTest group. Plasma samples were obtained from patients at a single time point
  4. γReported only for the first visit
  5. δAdalimumab, certolizumab, etanercept, and infliximab
  6. εAbatacept, rituximab, and tocilizumab
  7. λAzathioprine, hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, and sulfasalazine