Skip to main content

Table 2 Best evidence synthesis of laboratory markers

From: Clinical, laboratory, and genetic markers for the development or presence of psoriatic arthritis in psoriasis patients: a systematic review

Category

Marker

Good/fair quality studies

Poor quality studies

Evidence

ACPA

Anti-CCP

 

3x positive association [37,38,39]

1x not associated [40]

Moderate evidence of positive association

Anti-MCV

 

1x positive association [41]

Limited evidence of positive association

Bone metabolism

25(OH) vitamin D

2x no association [42, 43]

3x no association [44,45,46]

Strong evidence of no association

Alkalic phosphate

1x no association [43]

2x no association [47, 48]

Moderate evidence of no association

Calcium

 

2x no association [47, 48]

Moderate evidence of no association

COMP

1x no association [49]

1x no association [50]

Moderate evidence of no association

CPII:C2C

1x positive association [49]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

CTX

 

2x no association [47, 51]

Moderate evidence of no association

DKK-1

1x no association [52]

1x positive association [53]

Conflicting evidence

MMP3

3x positive association [49, 52, 54]

1x no association [51]

Strong evidence of positive association

OPG

2x positive association [49, 52]

4x no association [50, 51, 53, 55]

Strong evidence of positive association

OPG/RANKL ratio

 

2x negative association [50, 56]

Moderate evidence of negative association

Osteoclast precursors

 

1x positive association [56]

Limited evidence of positive association

Phosphate

1x no association [43]

1x no association [47]

Moderate evidence of no association

RANKL

1x no association [49]

2x positive association [56, 57]

3x no association [50, 51, 53]

Conflicting evidence

Urine Hp

 

1x negative association [48]

Limited evidence of negative association

Cell culture

IL-2 secretion

 

1x positive association [58]

Limited evidence of positive association

IL-17 secretion

 

1x positive association [59]

1x no association [58]

Conflicting evidence

Cytokines

(Change in) CXCL10

1x positive association [27]

1x positive association [60]

 

Strong evidence of positive association

IL-6

1x positive association [61]

1x positive association [62]

1x positive association [63]

1x no association [64]

Strong evidence of positive association

IL-12/23 p40

1x no association [49]

1x positive association [56]

Conflicting evidence

IL-23

 

1x positive association [65]

Limited evidence of positive association

IL-33

 

1x positive association [56]

Limited evidence of positive association

IL-34

1x positive association [66]

1x positive association [56]

Moderate evidence of positive association

IL-35

 

1x positive association [56]

Limited evidence of positive association

IL-36a

 

1x negative association [56]

Limited evidence of negative association

IL-38

 

1x positive association [56]

Limited evidence of positive association

M-CSF

1x negative association [52]

1x positive association [53]

Conflicting evidence

TNFα

 

2x positive association [56, 64]

Moderate evidence of positive association

Cytologic phenotype

CD3+ CD71+ count

 

1x positive association [58]

Limited evidence of positive association

CD4 + CD45RA-CXCR3 + CCR4-

 

1x negative association [67]

Limited evidence of negative association

CD4 + CD45RA-CXCR3 + CCR6-

 

1x negative association [67]

Limited evidence of negative association

CD4 + CD45RA-IFNy+

 

1x negative association [67]

Limited evidence of negative association

CD4 + CD45RA-IL17+

 

1x positive association [67]

Limited evidence of positive association

CD4 + TEMCXCR3 + CCR4-

 

1x negative association [67]

Limited evidence of negative association

CD4 + TEMIL17A+

 

1x negative association [67]

Limited evidence of negative association

CD8 + CD45RA-CCR6 + CXCR3-CD69+

 

1x positive association [67]

Limited evidence of positive association

CD8 + CD45RA-IL17+

 

1x positive association [67]

Limited evidence of positive association

CD8 + TCMCD69+

 

1x positive association [67]

Limited evidence of positive association

CD8 + TEMIL17A+

 

1x positive association [67]

Limited evidence of positive association

CD8 + TEMRACCR6 + CXCR3-CD69-

 

1x positive association [67]

Limited evidence of positive association

CD8 + TEMRACXCR3 + CCR4-

 

1x negative association [67]

Limited evidence of negative association

CD8 + TEMRACXCR3 + CCR6-CD69+

 

1x positive association [67]

Limited evidence of positive association

Mean platelet volume

 

2x positive association [68, 69]

Moderate evidence of positive association

Monocyte count

 

1x positive association [70]

Limited evidence of positive association

Neutrophil count

 

1x positive association [70]

Limited evidence of positive association

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio

 

1x positive association [70]

Limited evidence of positive association

Platelet count

 

1x positive association [70]1x no association [68]

Conflicting evidence

Platelet to lymphocyte ratio

 

1x positive association [70]

Limited evidence of positive association

White blood count

 

1x positive association [70]

1x no association [46]

Conflicting evidence

Inflammation marker

CRP

5x positive association [43, 49, 54, 66, 71]

1x no association [27]

8x positive association [44, 47, 53, 56, 70, 72,73,74]

4x no association [46, 58, 64, 75]

Strong evidence of positive association

ESR

1x positive association [66]

1x no association [43]

5x positive association [44, 47, 56, 70, 74]

2x no association [62, 75]

Conflicting evidence

Lipid metabolism

Adiponectin

1x positive association [71]

1x negative association [64]

Conflicting evidence

ApoA to ApoB ratio

 

1x positive association [76]

Limited evidence of positive association

ApoB

 

1x positive association [76]

Limited evidence of positive association

CER

 

1x positive association [46]

Limited evidence of positive association

Glucose

2x no association [42, 71]

4x no association [46, 62, 76, 77]

Strong evidence of no association

HDL

2x no association [42, 71]

3x no association [62, 72, 77]

Strong evidence of no association

Insulin

 

1x negative association [77]

Limited evidence of negative association

LDL

2x no association [42, 71]

3x no associated [46, 72, 76]

1x positive association [62]

Strong evidence of no association

LDL:HDL ratio

 

2x positive association [62, 76]

Moderate evidence of positive association

Leptin

1x positive association [71]

1x no association [64]

Conflicting evidence

Total cholesterol

1x negative association [42]

1x no association [71]

2x no association [76, 77]

1x positive association [62]

Conflicting evidence

Total cholesterol/HDL

1x no association [42]

1x positive association [76]

Conflicting evidence

Triglycerides

2x no association [42, 71]

4x no association [42, 46, 76, 77]

2x positive association [62, 72]

Strong evidence of no association

VLDL

 

2x no association [62, 76]

Moderate evidence of no association

miRNA expression

let-7b-3p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

let-7b-5p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

let-7e-5p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-26a-5p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-27a-3p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-27b-3p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-29a-3p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-30e-5p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-92a-3p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

miR-92b-3p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

miR-98-5p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-139-3p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

miR-146a-5p

1x positive association [78]

1x positive association [79]

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-203a

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

miR-486-5p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

miR-1180-3p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

miR-2379-5p

1x positive association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

miR-3158-3p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

miR-4732-3p

1x negative association [78]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

mRNA expression whole blood

CCL1

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

CCL7

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

CCL20

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

CX3CL1

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

CXCL2

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

CXCL5

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

HAT1

 

1x positive association [81]

Limited evidence of positive association

IL-3

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

IL-6

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

IL-8

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

IL-17C

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

IL-17F

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

ISG20

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

MMP-3

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

NOTCH2NL

 

1x negative association [81]

Limited evidence of negative association

SET2D

 

1x negative association [81]

Limited evidence of negative association

STAT3

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

STAT6

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

SYK

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

TBX21

1x negative association [80]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

Serum

CD5L

1x positive association [54]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

Creatinine

1x no association [43]

1x no association [53]

Moderate evidence of no association

Complement C9

 

1x negative association [82]

Limited evidence of negative association

IFI16

1x negative association [83]

 

Moderate evidence of negative association

sIL2R

1x positive association [61]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

ITGB5

1x positive association [54]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

Gelsolin

 

1x negative association [44]

Limited association of negative association

K17

 

1x positive association [84]

Limited evidence of positive association

M2BP

1x positive association [54]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

MPO

1x positive association [54]

 

Moderate evidence of positive association

PRL

 

1x positive association [85]

Limited evidence of positive association

STIP1

 

1x positive association [84]

Limited evidence of positive association

Uric acid

1x positive association [86]

1x no association [87]

1x no association [88]

1x negative association [77]

Conflicting evidence

VCP

 

1x positive association [89]

Limited evidence of positive association

VEGFR-3

 

1x positive association [90]

Limited  evidence of positive association

YKL-40

 

1x positive association [91]

Limited evidence of positive association

Skin

C16ORF61

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

CPN2

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

CXCL12

 

1x positive association [93]

Limited evidence of positive association

FHL1

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

GPS1

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

IL23R

 

1x positive association [94]

Limited evidence of positive association

ITGB5

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

POSTN

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

PP2R4

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

SNCA

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

SRP14

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

SRPX

 

1x positive association [92]

Limited evidence of positive association

Miscellaneous

Anti-ADAMTS-L5 IgG antibodies

 

1x positive association [95]

Limited evidence of positive association

Anti-LL37 antibodies

 

1x positive association [95]

1x mixed results [82]

Conflicting evidence

Arylesterase activity

 

1x positive association [72]

Limited evidence of positive association

Hemoglobin

 

1x negative association [70]

Limited evidence of negative association

IgG response to C region of rM12 protein

 

1x positive association [96]

Limited evidence of positive association

  1. A positive association is defined as a higher risk of PsA when the marker is present/increased/higher. A negative association is defined as a lower risk of PsA when the marker is present/increased/higher
  2. ACPA anti citrullinated protein antibodies, ADAMTS a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs; anti-CCP, anti-cyclic citrullinated protein; Apo apolipoprotein, C16ORF61 endosomal protein sorting factor like (VSP35L), C2C collagen fragment neoepitopes Col2-3/4 (long mono), CCL C-C chemokine ligand, CCR C-C chemokine receptor, CD, cluster of differentiation, CD5L CD5 ligand, CER ceramide, CM central memory, COMP cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, CPII C-propeptide of type II collagen, CPN2 carboxypeptidase N subunit 2, CRP C-reactive protein, CTX collagen type I C-telopeptide, CX3CL C-X3-C motif ligand, CXCL C-X-C motif ligand, CXCR C-X-C motif receptor, DKK Dickkopf, EM effector memory, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, FHL1 four and a half LIM domains, GPS G protein pathway suppressor, HAT human airway trypsin-like protein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, Hp hydroxyproline, IFI interferon-inducible protein, IFN interferon, IgG immunoglobulin G, IL interleukin, IL23R IL23 receptor, ISG interferon stimulated gene, ITGB integrin beta, K17, keratin 17, LDL low-density lipoprotein, M2BP Mac-2-binding protein, M-CSF macrophage colony-stimulating factor, MCV mutated citrullinated vimentin, miRNA micro RNA, MMP matrix metalloproteinase, MPO myeloperoxidase, mRNA messenger RNA, OPG osteoprotegerin, POSTN periostin, PPP2R4 protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator (PTPA);PRL, prolactin, RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, RNA ribonucleic acid, SETD SET domain protein, sIL-2R soluble IL-2 receptor, SNCA synuclein alpha, SRP signal recognition particle, SRPX sushi repeat containing protein X-linked, STAT signal transducer and activator of transcription, STIP stress-inducible phosphoprotein, SYK spleen-associated tyrosine kinase, TBX T-box, TNF tumor necrosis factor, VCP valosin-containing protein, VEGFR vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, VLDL very low-density lipoprotein
Back to article page

Arthritis Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1478-6362

Contact us