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Table 2 Demographic characteristics, autoimmune disease diagnosis, risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and current treatments

From: Incidence and predictors of COVID-19 and flares in patients with rare autoimmune diseases: a systematic survey and serological study at a national reference center in France

 

Patients with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, n = 39

Non-infected patients

n = 457

p

Age (years), median [IQR25-75]

56.9 (47.6–65.9)

56.9 (43.5–67.2)

0.80

Female, n (%)

29 (74.4%)

363 (79.4%)

0.42

Preventive work cessation, n (%)

3 (9.1%)

49 (11.8%)

0.64

At least one contact with a confirmed COVID-19 case, n (%)

16 (42.1%)

27 (5.9%)

< 0.0001

Self-suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 201) (according to the patient him/herself), n (%)

32 (84.2%)

122 (26.8%)

< 0.0001

Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection (history of), n (%)[1054]

   

 Cancer

2 (7.9%)

25 (5.5%)

0.53

 Cardiac failure

1 (2.6%)

14 (3.1%)

0.88

 Myocardial infarction

0

15 (3.3%)

0.26

 Diabetes

1 (2.6%)

30 (6.6%)

0.34

 Hypertension

9 (23.7%)

126 (27.6%)

0.61

 Cerebrovascular event

3 (7.9%)

24 (5.3%)

0.49

 Respiratory failure

5 (13.2%)

70 (15.3%)

0.72

 Renal failure

2 (5.3%)

36 (7.9%)

0.56

 Hepatic insufficiency

2 (5.3%)

20 (4.4%)

0.80

BMI (kg/m2), median [IQR25-75]

24.2 (21.3–28.2)

24.8 (21.5–28.7)

0.36

 BMI > 35

2 (5.4%)

31 (7.7%)

0.62

 BMI > 40

0

13 (3.2%)

0.27

Smoking status, n (%)

  

0.13

 Current smoker

1 (2.8%)

65 (15.0%)

 

 Former smoker

13 (36.1%)

141 (32.5%)

 

 Never smoker

22 (61.1%)

228 (52.5%)

 

 Smoking ever

14 (38.9%)

206 (47.5%)

0.32

Treatments, n (%)[1054]

   

 NSAIDs

5 (13.2%)

28 (6.1%)

0.09

 Glucocorticoids

9 (23.7%)

135 (29.6%)

0.44

 Antimalarials (HCQ/CQ)

14 (36.8%)

131 (28.7%)

0.29

 Immunosuppressive agents/biologics

15 (39.5%)

195 (42.6%)

0.70

Treatment modification due to pandemic, n (%)

10 (26.3%)

32 (7.0%)

< 0.0001

Reporting a flare-up of AISD (self-diagnosed), n (%)

13 (34.2%)

58 (12.7%)

0.0003

Serological status for SARS-CoV-2, n (%)

   

 Positive IgG and/or IgM

31/33 (93.9%)

0

< 0.0001